{"id":12850,"date":"2015-12-18T20:37:15","date_gmt":"2015-12-18T14:37:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/?p=12850"},"modified":"2015-12-18T20:37:15","modified_gmt":"2015-12-18T14:37:15","slug":"moi-phuc-ve-long-thuong-xot-trong-boi-canh-cua-tam-moi-phuc-that-va-thuat-ngu-thuong-xot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/moi-phuc-ve-long-thuong-xot-trong-boi-canh-cua-tam-moi-phuc-that-va-thuat-ngu-thuong-xot\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u1ed1i Ph\u00fac v\u1ec1 L\u00f2ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng X\u00f3t trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a T\u00e1m M\u1ed1i Ph\u00fac Th\u1eadt v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef Th\u01b0\u01a1ng X\u00f3t"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u00f2ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng X\u00f3t Ch\u00faa\u00a0<\/strong>(1)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

M\u1ed1i Ph\u00fac v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a T\u00e1m M\u1ed1i Ph\u00fac Th\u1eadt v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef Th\u01b0\u01a1ng X\u00f3t<\/strong><\/h3>\n

dongten.net<\/p>\n

\"015Hinh1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

V\u1edbi M\u1ed1i Ph\u00fac n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t, ch\u00fang ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c M\u1ed1i Ph\u00fac trong Ph\u00fac \u00c2m M\u00e1t-th\u00eau. B\u1ed1n M\u1ed1i Ph\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 khao kh\u00e1t t\u00ecm g\u1eb7p Ng\u00e0i. C\u00f2n b\u1ed1n M\u1ed1i Ph\u00fac k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi nhau, v\u1edbi tha nh\u00e2n b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh m\u00ecnh. Ai tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3, c\u00f3 tinh th\u1ea7n hi\u1ec1n l\u00e0nh khi\u00eam nh\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ki-t\u00f4, v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng \u0111au kh\u1ed5 x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi lu\u00f4n kh\u00e1t khao s\u1ed1ng s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh, kh\u00e1t khao th\u00e1nh \u00fd c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng, t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi anh ch\u1ecb em c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Y\u00eau Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 y\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 hai tinh th\u1ea7n lu\u00f4n \u0111i chung v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau.\u00a0\u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u r\u0103n \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0: Nghe \u0111\u00e2y, h\u1ee1i \u00cdt-ra-en, \u0110\u1ee9c Ch\u00faa, Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa ch\u00fang ta, l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ch\u00faa duy nh\u1ea5t.\u00a0Ng\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea3i y\u00eau m\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ee9c Ch\u00faa, Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u01a1i, h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng, h\u1ebft linh h\u1ed3n, h\u1ebft tr\u00ed kh\u00f4n v\u00e0 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i.\u00a0\u0110i\u1ec1u r\u0103n th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0: Ng\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea3i y\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n c\u1eadn nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. Ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u0103n n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u0103n \u0111\u00f3\u201d.<\/em>\u00a0(Mc 12, 29-31). Ai t\u00e1ch l\u00eca hai tinh th\u1ea7n n\u00e0y ra kh\u1ecfi nhau, th\u00ec ch\u01b0a s\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ki-t\u00f4.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed1i Ph\u00fac th\u1ee9 n\u0103m n\u00e0y trong m\u1ea1ch v\u0103n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u201cth\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn hai l\u1ea7n, trong v\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 trong v\u1ebf cu\u1ed1i:\u00a0\u201cPh\u00fac thay ai x\u00f3t th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa x\u00f3t th\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d.<\/em>\u00a0C\u00f2n \u1edf c\u00e1c M\u1ed1i Ph\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p sau: t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3 v\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc Tr\u1eddi; hi\u1ec1n l\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea5t H\u1ee9a; s\u1ea7u kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u1ee7i an; v\u00e0 kh\u00e1t khao n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa cho tho\u1ea3 l\u00f2ng. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c suy ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 M\u1ed1i Ph\u00fac n\u00e0y, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y xin t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb ng\u1eef th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t.<\/p>\n

Th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t<\/em>\u00a0trong ti\u1ebfng Do Th\u00e1i l\u00e0\u00a0hesed<\/em>. Theo Cantalamessa, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hai \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb ng\u1eef\u00a0th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t<\/em>\u00a0ng\u1ee5 \u00fd n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a b\u00ean m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n (trong m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc, hay ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u00ean y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 tha th\u1ee9 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t t\u00edn v\u00e0 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i. \u00dd ngh\u0129a th\u1ee9 hai ng\u1ee5 \u00fd n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 \u0111au c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c (kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i), v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00e2n h\u1eadu v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i tim v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4i tay.<\/a>[1]<\/a><\/p>\n

Theo th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc gia \u0110HY. Walter Kasper, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t l\u00e0hesed<\/em>.\u00a0Hesed<\/em>\u00a0di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 \u01a1n hu\u1ec7, d\u1ec5 th\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb ng\u1eef\u00a0hesed<\/em>\u00a0v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 rung \u0111\u1ed9ng hay t\u1ed9i nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed5 \u0111au c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 t\u1eeb bi c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef\u00a0hesed<\/em>\u00a0kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef\u00a0hesed<\/em>\u00a0n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa d\u00e0nh cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u00c2n s\u1ee7ng n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u00ean t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a\u00a0t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi nhau<\/em>. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 d\u00f9 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t trung v\u00e0 b\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3n, th\u00ec Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t, v\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd b\u1ecf r\u01a1i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u00c2n s\u1ee7ng n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa c\u00f2n mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa l\u00e0m\u00a0tan v\u1ee1<\/em>m\u1ecdi chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea7y kh\u1ed5 \u0111au v\u00e0 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eddi o\u00e1i \u0103m c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi k\u00eau van c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00fai m\u00ecnh xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 h\u1ea1 m\u00ecnh xu\u1ed1ng, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ch\u00ecm m\u00ecnh trong kh\u1ed5 \u0111au, v\u00e0 d\u00f9 cho bao s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t trung c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, Ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn, tha th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 ban cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi, d\u00f9 cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ebd ra c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi kinh nghi\u1ec7m b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi m\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Trong s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a\u00a0hesed<\/em>, Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa t\u1ef1 m\u1ea1c kh\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa.<\/a>[2]<\/a><\/p>\n

Trong ti\u1ebfng Hy-l\u1ea1p, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef\u00a0eleao<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t, c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng. Theo Walter Kasper, Aristoteles l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a cho t\u1eeb ng\u1eef th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n, Aristoteles \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng, kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea7m l\u1ed7i g\u00ec nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111au kh\u1ed5, c\u0169ng l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng hay c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1m t\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta, b\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta. Qua \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi h\u1ecd s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f3. Trong s\u1ef1 chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111au kh\u1ed5, c\u00f3 hai t\u00e2m t\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e2m t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft. C\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o Ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ee7a Aristoteles v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t. Th\u00e1nh \u00c2u-tinh v\u00e0 th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ma A-qui-n\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t \u1edf trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u201ctr\u00e1i tim d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111au kh\u1ed5\u201d.<\/p>\n

Trong ti\u1ebfng La-tinh\u00a0th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0\u00a0misericordia<\/em>.\u00a0Cor<\/em>\u00a0ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i tim v\u00e0\u00a0miseri<\/em>\u00a0ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u1ea3 hai v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec1u theo \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a Aristoteles:\u00a0\u201cmiserum cor habens super miseria alterius \u2013 C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u00e1i tim bi\u1ebft kh\u1ed5 \u0111au \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u1ed5 \u0111au c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c\u201d<\/em>. L\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u00e1nh \u00c2u-tinh v\u00e0 th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ma A-qui-n\u00f4, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m \u1edf tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c, hay ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang d\u00e1ng d\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng \u0111au kh\u1ed5.<\/a>[3]<\/a><\/p>\n

Trong T\u00e2n \u01af\u1edbc, l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t trong b\u1ea3n v\u0103n ti\u1ebfng Hy-l\u1ea1p l\u00e0\u00a0eleemosyne<\/em>, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 h\u1ecd. Trong b\u1ea3n v\u0103n c\u1ee7a M\u00e1t-th\u00eau v\u1ec1 M\u1ed1i Ph\u00fac th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong ti\u1ebfng Hy-l\u1ea1p l\u00e0\u00a0eleemon<\/em>, c\u0169ng mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y Ch\u00faa Gi\u00ea-su mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft s\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t.<\/a>[4]<\/a><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb ng\u1eef th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t trong ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00e0\u00a0Barmherzigkeit<\/em>. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, trong t\u1eeb ng\u1eef n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u1eebHerz\u00a0<\/em>\u2013 tr\u00e1i tim (t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n). Theo Schellenberger, trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, th\u00ec v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 11, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef\u00a0armselig<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi t\u1eeb ng\u1eef th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t trong ti\u1ebfng La-tinh\u00a0misericors.<\/em>\u00a0N\u1ebfu d\u1ecbch s\u00e1t ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00f3 t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3\u201d.\u00a0 Danh t\u1eeb l\u00e0\u00a0misericodia<\/em>, t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c d\u1ecbch s\u00e1t ngh\u0129a l\u00e0\u00a0Armseligkeit<\/em>. \u201cArmseligkeit<\/em>\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00ec t\u1eeb ng\u1eef n\u00e0y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3\u201d. Tu s\u0129 Christian von Stablo \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00e0o n\u0103m 865. Trong Ch\u00faa Gi\u00ea-su, Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3 trong t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n, \u0111\u1ec3 qua \u0111\u00f3 Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e1i tim ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3 nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, Ch\u00faa tr\u1edf n\u00ean ngh\u00e8o nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, Schellenberger \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch kh\u00e1 th\u00fa v\u1ecb. T\u1eeb ng\u1eef ngh\u00e8o \u2013\u00a0Armut<\/em>\u00a0trong ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, khi li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa (\u0110\u1ea5ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ngh\u00e8o) d\u00e0nh cho ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o, th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh\u00a0B(i)-Armherzigkeit<\/em>trong ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, khi Ch\u00faa Gi\u00ea-su ch\u00fac ph\u00fac cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng tinh th\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t, th\u00ec c\u0169ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh Ng\u00e0i. Ch\u00faa Gi\u00ea-su th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t \u2013\u00a0B(i)-Armherzigkeit<\/em>\u00a0c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa d\u00e0nh cho nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa trong Ch\u00faa Gi\u00ea-su \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u00e1 v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u00e1 v\u1edbi Ch\u00faa, khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00fang tinh th\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t \u2013\u00a0barmherzig<\/em>\u00a0c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t \u2013Barmherzigkeit<\/em>\u00a0ng\u1ee5 \u00fd ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan c\u1ee7a hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m t\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh, v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ban t\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ebfn d\u00e2ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn.<\/a>[5]<\/a><\/p>\n

C\u00f2n trong ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Khai Tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a t\u1eeb ng\u1eef\u00a0th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/em>: (1) Th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 y\u00eau (m\u1eb9 th\u01b0\u01a1ng con, v\u1ee3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ed3ng\u2026). (2) Th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn x\u00f3t xa (th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3, th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e2n, th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m). Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea3m, th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea1i trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t (th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea1i cho th\u1eb1ng b\u00e9 m\u1edbi l\u1ecdt l\u00f2ng m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ed3i c\u00f4i).<\/a>[6]<\/a>\u00a0\u0110\u1ecdc trong T\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o 500 m\u1ee5c t\u1eeb, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef\u00a0l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t<\/em>\u00a0(li\u00ean \u00e1i, Misericordia, Mercy, Mis\u00e9ricorde) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cTh\u01b0\u01a1ng: \u0111au l\u00f2ng. X\u00f3t: th\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e2u xa. L\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111au l\u00f2ng, x\u00f3t xa tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ed7i b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 hay \u1ee7i an\u201d.<\/a>[7]<\/a>\u00a0H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef\u00a0l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t<\/em>n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi t\u1eeb ng\u1eef l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n h\u1eadu. Nh\u00e2n: l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau; h\u1eadu: s\u00e2u n\u1eb7ng. Nh\u00e2n h\u1eadu: l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau s\u00e2u n\u1eb7ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n h\u1eadu lu\u00f4n mong mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/a>[8]<\/a><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i quan tr\u1ecdng trong Ki-t\u00f4 gi\u00e1o. V\u00ec t\u1eeb ng\u1eef n\u00e0y g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 c\u0103n t\u00ednh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Ki-t\u00f4 h\u1eefu. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u201cth\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t\u201d l\u00e0 t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Ki-t\u00f4 gi\u00e1o. N\u1ebfu chi\u00eam ng\u1eafm l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 x\u1ea3y ra trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean v\u1eeba qua, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ki-t\u00f4 h\u1eefu c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5y gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao qu\u00fd v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m\u00a0Barmherzigkeit \u2013 L\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t<\/em>\u00a0c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc gia \u0110HY. Walter Kasper, c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1\u00a0Barmherzigkeit \u2013 ein aktuelles, aber vergessenes Thema \u2013 L\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean<\/em>. V\u00e0 Kasper \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng suy t\u01b0 v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i c\u00f9ng\u00a0k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t \u2013 Schrei nach Barmherzigkeit<\/em>. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh suy t\u01b0 n\u00e0y, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh suy ni\u1ec7m M\u1ed1i Ph\u00fac v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng l\u1eadt l\u1ea1i s\u00e1ch Th\u00e1nh Kinh, \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a\u00a0l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t<\/em>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Lm. GB. Nguy\u1ec5n Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ebf SJ<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/a>[1]<\/a>\u00a0X. CANTALAMESSA R. O.F.M.CAP.,\u00a0Beatitudes, eight steps to happines<\/em>s, t.65.<\/p>\n

<\/a>[2]<\/a>\u00a0X. KASPER W.,\u00a0Barmherzigkeit<\/em>, Herder Verlag, Freiburg 2012, t.51.<\/p>\n

<\/a>[3]<\/a>\u00a0X. KASPER W.,\u00a0Barmherzigkeit<\/em>, t.30-31.<\/p>\n

<\/a>[4]<\/a>\u00a0X. STAUDINGER F., trong\u00a0Exegetisches W\u00f6rterbuch zum Neuen Testament<\/em>, Horst Balz und Gerhard Schneider (Hrgs.), Band I, Kohlhammer Verlag, Stuttgart 1980, .1043-45.<\/p>\n

<\/a>[5]<\/a>\u00a0X. SCHELLENBERGER B.,\u00a0Entdecke, dass du glueklich bist<\/em>, t.74-75.<\/p>\n

<\/a>[6]<\/a>\u00a0H\u1ed8I KHAI TR\u00cd TI\u1ebeN \u0110\u1ee8C,\u00a0Vi\u1ec7t Nam T\u1ef1 \u0110i\u1ec3n<\/em>, nxb. V\u0103n M\u1edbi, S\u00e0i-g\u00f2n \u2013 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i 1954, t.587.<\/p>\n

<\/a>[7]<\/a>\u00a0X. H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m M\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, U\u1ef7 ban Gi\u00e1o L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee9c Tin,\u00a0T\u1eeb \u0110i\u1ec3n C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o, 500 m\u1ee5c t\u1eeb<\/em>, t.211-212.<\/p>\n

<\/a>[8]<\/a>\u00a0X. H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m M\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, U\u1ef7 ban Gi\u00e1o L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee9c Tin,\u00a0T\u1eeb \u0110i\u1ec3n C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o, 500 m\u1ee5c t\u1eeb<\/em>, t.211.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u00f2ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng X\u00f3t Ch\u00faa\u00a0(1) M\u1ed1i Ph\u00fac v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a T\u00e1m M\u1ed1i Ph\u00fac Th\u1eadt v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef Th\u01b0\u01a1ng X\u00f3t dongten.net V\u1edbi M\u1ed1i Ph\u00fac n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t, ch\u00fang ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c M\u1ed1i Ph\u00fac trong Ph\u00fac \u00c2m M\u00e1t-th\u00eau. B\u1ed1n M\u1ed1i Ph\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng … [Read more…]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12851,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[70],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"entry","1":"post","2":"publish","3":"author-phaolo","4":"post-12850","6":"format-standard","7":"has-post-thumbnail","8":"category-nam-thanh-long-thuong-xot"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12850","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12850"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12850\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12852,"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12850\/revisions\/12852"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12851"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12850"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12850"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12850"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}