{"id":13912,"date":"2021-04-18T06:28:27","date_gmt":"2021-04-18T00:28:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/?p=13912"},"modified":"2021-04-18T06:28:27","modified_gmt":"2021-04-18T00:28:27","slug":"chuong-7-phap-hoc-trong-huan-giao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/chuong-7-phap-hoc-trong-huan-giao\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 7 &#8211; Ph\u00e1p H\u1ecdc trong Hu\u1ea5n Gi\u00e1o"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <em><strong>S\u1ef0 LI\u00caN H\u1ec6 GI\u1eeeA N\u1ed8I DUNG V\u00c0 PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P<\/strong><\/em><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"194\">\n<li>M\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m nh\u1eadp th\u1ec3 g\u1ee3i h\u1ee9ng cho ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m gi\u00e1o l\u00fd. M\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0m \u00fd v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a hu\u1ea5n gi\u00e1o, v\u1ed1n ph\u1ea3i quy v\u1ec1 L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a kinh nghi\u1ec7m con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ed1ng trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n, ph\u00e2n chia, hay coi th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1eefa ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c tin, n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a hu\u1ea5n gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u00e0ng quan v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi r\u1eb1ng n\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p Tin M\u1eebng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>T\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<ol start=\"195\">\n<li>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c tin, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd th\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng say m\u00ea ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c khi b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd. Hu\u1ea5n gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ri\u00eang n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed9ng m\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau, d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u1edbp c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1edfi Tin M\u1eebng c\u1ea7n cho vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn ra ch\u00e2n l\u00fd v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Trong gi\u00f2ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ee7ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a sinh l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa. \u201cS\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1c v\u00e0 tr\u00ed kh\u00f4n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 t\u00e2m linh c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd ph\u1ea3i th\u00edch nghi r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau\u201d.<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a> Vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ee9c tin trong hu\u1ea5n gi\u00e1o, v\u1ed1n qua trung gian c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, tuy v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng, x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edfi cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa v\u1edbi kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3 Phaol\u00f4 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, \u201c\u00e2n s\u1ee7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban cho m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta t\u00f9y theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 ban cho\u201d (<em>Ep <\/em>4:7). Cho n\u00ean, \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3 qua nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 kh\u1ea3 th\u1ee9c, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u1edf ra cho ch\u00fang ta m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m, l\u1eabn qua nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"196\">\n<li>V\u00ec H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 rao gi\u1ea3ng Tin M\u1eebng, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t (x. <em>Tx<\/em> 5:21). Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n trong su\u1ed1t d\u00f2ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, hu\u1ea5n gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng hay d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c tin. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a hu\u1ea5n gi\u00e1o. Trong c\u1ea3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t <em>nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc li\u00ean h\u1ec7 l\u1eabn nhau<\/em> v\u1ed1n n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n. Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c tin; \u0111\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c h\u00e0m \u00fd m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 cho \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. Tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 n\u00e0y bao h\u00e0m m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i: n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1edbi l\u1eddi rao gi\u1ea3ng (ban \u0111\u1ea7u) c\u1ee7a Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ecf l\u1ed9 trong ch\u00e2n l\u00fd; \u0111\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1c, <em>l\u1eddi rao gi\u1ea3ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/em> (<em>kerygma<\/em>) lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 sung m\u00e3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 KINH NGHI\u1ec6M C\u1ee6A CON NG\u01af\u1edcI<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"197\">\n<li>Kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho hu\u1ea5n gi\u00e1o, trong c\u0103n t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng trong n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c rao g\u1ea3ing m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian m\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa n\u00f3i. Kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n hau c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, v\u00e0 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng. Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd vi\u00ean noi g\u01b0\u01a1ng Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu trong vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf l\u00f2ng ra cho s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t h\u1ecd kh\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u1ee5 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i, trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafng nghe nh\u1eefng g\u00ec Ch\u00faa Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 \u00e2m th\u1ea7m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"198\">\n<li>Trong vi\u1ec7c rao gi\u1ea3ng N\u01b0\u1edbc Tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi, Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu <em>t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm, g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u00e0 ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n<\/em> con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00e1c ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. Trong gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, m\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1eeb vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f4n ngoan. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec b\u1ed9c ph\u00e1t v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n. C\u00e1c d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n n\u00e0y, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e0 ai c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft. g\u1ee3i th\u1eafc m\u1eafc cho c\u00e1c th\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh suy t\u01b0 n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m. Th\u1ef1c ra, c\u00e1c d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p m\u00e0 c\u00f2n k\u00eau g\u1ecdi s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng trong s\u1ef1 m\u1edf l\u00f2ng v\u00e0 h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa. Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho kinh nghi\u1ec7m con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n qua vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn ra trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"199\">\n<li>Theo g\u01b0\u01a1ng Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu, hu\u1ea5n gi\u00e1o gi\u00fap <em>soi s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/em> c\u00e1c kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ed1ng trong \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng Tin M\u1eebng. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi \u0111ang v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh tan t\u00e1c m\u00e0 h\u1ecd g\u1eb7p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f2n th\u1eadm ch\u00ed d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1ed1ng t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ee9c tin m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh tuy\u00ean x\u01b0ng v\u1edbi kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng con m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9c tin nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn kh\u00f4n ngoan v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu hu\u1ea5n gi\u00e1o b\u1ecf b\u00ea kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3i, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang c\u1ea1nh nhau c\u00e1ch nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"200\">\n<li>Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 <em>ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t<\/em> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3. Trong khi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a N\u01b0\u1edbc Tr\u1eddi, Ch\u00faa th\u1ef1c ra d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0, h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng m\u1ecdc l\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i bu\u00f4n t\u00ecm kho t\u00e0ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ti\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u1edbi cho con m\u00ecnh\u2026). \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, hu\u1ea5n gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao kinh nghi\u1ec7mc\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u1ed1n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c suy ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra ch\u00e2n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7c Kh\u1ea3i.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 K\u00dd \u1ee8C<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"201\">\n<li>K\u00fd \u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9. D\u00e2n Israel \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4i th\u00fac lu\u00f4n gi\u1eef cho k\u00fd \u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u00e2n hu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u1eef trong l\u00f2ng nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 minh ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, m\u00e0 l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9. \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 Maria \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 trong l\u00f2ng (x. <em>Lc<\/em> 2:51). Cho n\u00ean, trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u00e2m s\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, k\u00fd \u1ee9c nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i t\u00ednh \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng; nh\u1eadn ra nh\u1eefng h\u1ed3ng \u00e2n c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1ed3ng \u00e2n \u1ea5y. Hu\u1ea5n gi\u00e1o bi\u1ebft d\u00f9ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh hay <em>t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m<\/em> c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 c\u1ea3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u1ea5y. Theo \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea1i sao k\u00fd \u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n M\u1eb7c Kh\u1ea3i. Th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3 Ph\u00ear\u00f4 vi\u1ebft: \u201cV\u00ec th\u1ebf, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n nh\u1eafc cho anh em nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean, m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u anh em \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft r\u1ed3i v\u00e0 \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng theo s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt anh em hi\u1ec7n n\u1eafm gi\u1eef. V\u00e0 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng, \u0111\u1ec3 trong m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, sau khi t\u00f4i ra \u0111i, anh em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y\u201d (2 <span class=\"scripture_reference\" refid=\"41.157155\">Proverbs 1:12,15<\/span>). Vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m (anamnesis) l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u gi\u1eef cho s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng m\u00e3i. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, k\u00fd \u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ee9c tin ngay t\u1eeb th\u1ee7a ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"202\">\n<li>Theo m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh, c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng l\u1eddi tuy\u00ean x\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin khi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft th\u00e0nh v\u0103n, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng trong tr\u00ed kh\u00f4n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i t\u00edn h\u1eefu v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd l\u00e0 sau khi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u1eddi tuy\u00ean x\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb Th\u00e1nh Kinh, ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i gi\u00fap nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u00f5 h\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i dung tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a di s\u1ea3n chung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu. \u201cCh\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u00f4ng hoa n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Tin v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 m\u1ecdc trong c\u00e1c n\u01a1i hoang \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y Gi\u00e1o L\u00fd m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ed nh\u1edb.\u00a0 \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb t\u1eeb hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ri\u00eang v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n\u201d.<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"203\">\n<li>\u201cVi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c tuy\u00ean x\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u trong trong \u2018v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m\u2019 c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng hay ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a <em>traditio<\/em> (truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng) v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a <em>redditio<\/em> (gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch), v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ee9c tin trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd (<em>traditio<\/em>) t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean trong cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc gi\u00e1o l\u00fd r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng (<em>redditio<\/em>)\u201d. <a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a> Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c try\u1ec1n th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ee9c tin cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn th\u00edch h\u1ee3p (<em>receptio<\/em>) v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m h\u00f3a. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb kh\u00f4 khan ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00edch, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7, \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i, suy ngh\u0129, im l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 NG\u00d4N NG\u1eee<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"204\">\n<li>Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, hay m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch th\u1ebf v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i l\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng theo nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tham d\u1ef1 vi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Th\u1ef1c ra, \u201cCh\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0ng tin v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3, nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c tin cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta \u201c\u0111\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1m t\u1edbi\u201d\u2026 Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ee9c tin. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ee9c tin, c\u1eed h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ee9c tin trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n, l\u00e0m cho t\u00edn h\u1eefu th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t h\u01a1n. H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh \u2026 d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang ta ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ee9c tin \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin\u201d.<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"205\">\n<li>V\u00ec th\u1ebf, hu\u1ea5n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh. Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh quan Th\u00e1nh Kinh (<em>ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Th\u00e1nh Kinh<\/em>), c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 nghi th\u1ee9c ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 (<em>ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5<\/em>), c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o Ph\u1ee5, c\u00e1c Kinh Tin K\u00ednh, c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ea5n Quy\u1ec1n (<em>ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/em>), v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1eed v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o (<em>ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/em>). C\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu chia s\u1ebb m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef chung. Hu\u1ea5n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u1ea5y, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a><\/p>\n<ol start=\"206\">\n<li>\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd th\u00edch nghi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, qua \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9c tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9, v\u00e0 gi\u00fap c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch m\u1edbi m\u1ebb th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe. Th\u1ef1c ra, \u201cS\u1ee9 v\u1ee5 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, nh\u01b0ng nh\u01b0ng <em>ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/em> d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 rao g\u1ea3ing Tin M\u1eebng ph\u1ea3i <em>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi<\/em> v\u1ed1i s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4n ngoan v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u, v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 cho Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay v\u00e0 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang m\u1edf ra cho hoa qu\u1ea3 v\u0129nh c\u1eedu c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<ol start=\"207\">\n<li>Hu\u1ea5n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef gi\u00fap n\u00f3 chu to\u00e0n b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn; c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, n\u00f3 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn <em>c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 thu\u1eadt<\/em>. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra r\u1eb1ng th\u1ec3 v\u0103n k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eedng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ng\u1ed9n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean h\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n m\u00e0 qua \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta hi\u1ec3u ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i chung quanh h\u1ecd v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a. C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh c\u0169ng c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u0103n t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ee9c tin, nh\u01b0 Th\u00e1nh Kinh l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng trong nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ph\u1ee5, v\u00e0 d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn, trong c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch Tin M\u1eebng v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"208\">\n<li>Qua nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean, H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh, d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9, trong khi thu nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh nh\u1eefng ai \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u1ea5y, Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c tin chung quanh c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c tin l\u00e0 m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m V\u01b0\u1ee3t Qua. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, n\u00f3 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng c\u1ea3m nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c tin b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong m\u1ecdi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3: t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, \u00fd mu\u1ed1n. Cho n\u00ean, th\u1eadt t\u1ed1t khi nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng hi\u1ec7n sinh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, khi \u0111an k\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch phong ph\u00fa c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu, v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u1eafng nghe n\u00f3.\u00a0 Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ee9c tin trong m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng thi\u1ebfu chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"209\">\n<li>C\u00e1c <em>h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/em> c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, khi ch\u00fang x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, b\u00e0y t\u1ecf qua nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1c quan r\u1eb1ng Ch\u00faa v\u1eabn \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng, hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n, c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a> Cho n\u00ean, ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ee9c tin th\u1eadt. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u n\u00f3i l\u1eebng danh\u201d \u201cN\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ecfi b\u1ea1n, \u2018H\u00e3y ch\u1ec9 cho t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ee9c tin\u2019 [\u2026] b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 th\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00e1nh\u201d.<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a> Danh m\u1ee5c c\u00e1c \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y, d\u00f9 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ec3u h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, trong thi\u00ean k\u1ef7 ni\u00ean th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho t\u00e0ng chung c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n ly v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c Ph\u00fac \u00c2m h\u00f3a, b\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1edd vi\u1ec7c suy ni\u1ec7m nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t, n\u00f3 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ao \u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m th\u00e2m s\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m. Do \u0111\u00f3, trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta, c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kinh nghi\u1ec7m g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa qua vi\u1ec7c chi\u00eam ng\u1eafm v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u1ea5y. Th\u1ef1c ra, nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh n\u00e0y \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u00eam ng\u1eafm ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea5ng Kh\u00e1c v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m linh v\u00e0 c\u00e1nh chung.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"210\">\n<li>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh trong vi\u1ec7c hu\u1ea5n gi\u00e1o g\u1ee3i l\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh. Gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh gi\u00fap c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c<em>biblia pauperum<\/em>\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u01b0u t\u1eadp c\u00f3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp m\u00e0 ai c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt trong c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng cung th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1edd, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd ng\u00e0y nay. Khi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ee9c tin, ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n v\u00e0 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 tromng vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m h\u00f3a s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"211\">\n<li><em>Di s\u1ea3n \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c<\/em> c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00f4 gi\u00e1, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00f3 \u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c Ph\u00fac \u00c2m h\u00f3a, b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n tinh th\u1ea7n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t ao \u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 bi\u00ean. S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u00e1nh Augustin\u00f4 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t hay: \u201cCon \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f3c khi nghe c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh thi v\u00e0 th\u00e1nh ca ch\u00fac t\u1ee5ng Ng\u00e0i th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, b\u1ecb r\u00fang \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e2m s\u00e2u b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdng h\u00e1t ng\u1ecdt ngh\u00e0o cu\u1ea3 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh Ng\u00e0i! Nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdng \u1ea5y r\u1ed9n r\u00e0ng trong tai con v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u00e2m s\u00e2u v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng con, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m t\u00ecnh y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho con ni\u1ec1m vui \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i con b\u1eadt kh\u00f3c\u201d. <a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a> C\u00e1c b\u00e0i ca ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u0169ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111i v\u00e0o t\u00e2m tr\u00ed h\u01a1n v\u00e0 in s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n \u0111i v\u1edbi \u00e2m hanh c\u1ee7a \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"212\">\n<li>H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh, qua nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau (v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, k\u1ecbch ngh\u1ec7, phim \u1ea3nh, v.v\u2026), c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi m\u1edf ra, v\u1edbi \u00fd th\u1ee9c nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t, cho ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi, \u201cbao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng theo quy \u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi rao gi\u1ea3ng Tin M\u1eebng, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c\u201d.<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a> Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng m\u1edf l\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra cho ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1c quan, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1eafm nh\u00ecn c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng tham gia v\u00e0o k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y, th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 t\u00e2m linh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fao \u0111\u1ee1 trong vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e1n c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ee9c tin; ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb b\u1ecf ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng duy l\u00fd n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>C\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<ol start=\"213\">\n<li>Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u00e2u xa trong vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng, hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u0111ang t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u0103n h\u00f3a.<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a> C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u1edbi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Trong kh\u00f4ng gian \u1ea3o, l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m quan tr\u1ecdng s\u00f3 v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1eadt, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin t\u1ee9c v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin, khai tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf c\u00e1c \u00fd ki\u1ebfn, tham gia tranh lu\u1eadn, \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho c\u00e1c th\u1eafc m\u1eafc. Kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nguy c\u01a1 t\u1ecf ra kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"214\">\n<li>Trong H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u: gi\u1ea3ng hu\u1ea5n, d\u1ea1y d\u1ed7, v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft m\u00e0 th\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb, v\u1ed1n quen d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft, \u00e2m thanh v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1edbn lao h\u01a1n, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang m\u1edf ra cho s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o <em>m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng (internet)<\/em> l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng cho nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Tin M\u1eebng.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"215\">\n<li>C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, chia s\u1ebb c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, c\u00f9ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. \u201cC\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u1eeba nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c Ph\u00fac \u00c2m h\u00f3a, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0, trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd hay v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb c\u00f4 l\u1eadp, c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi\u201d.<a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\">[11]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"216\">\n<li>Th\u1eadt t\u1ed1t cho c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u1ed1n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho hu\u1ea5n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u xa h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1, gi\u00fap h\u1ecd bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n nh\u1eefng b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n m\u1eadp m\u1edd. C\u00e1c gi\u00e1o l\u00fd vi\u00ean ng\u00e0y nay ph\u1ea3i \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u1ea3o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft s\u00e2u \u0111\u1eb7m, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb h\u01a1n v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu \u1edbt h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m hay ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"217\">\n<li>Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i \u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i t\u00e2m linh, b\u00ed t\u00edch v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh ngi\u1ec7m trong vi\u1ec7c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi: \u201cCh\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c k\u1ef7 thu\u1eadt m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t, ngay c\u1ea3 khi nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 kh\u1ea3 thi. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta tin, \u0110\u1ea5ng y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t, mu\u1ed1n t\u1ecf m\u00ecnh ra qua nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3, d\u00f9 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00ednh Ng\u00e0i \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang ta\u201d.<a href=\"#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\">[12]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 NH\u00d3M<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"218\">\n<li>C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y m\u00e0 khoa s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m gi\u00e1o l\u00fd ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng gian c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. M\u00f4 th\u1ee9c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 trong \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m, n\u01a1i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng \u201cm\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4 mang \u0111\u1ebfn\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u201ctr\u1edf th\u00e0nhm\u1ed9t kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh huynh \u0111\u1ec7\u201d.<a href=\"#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\">[13]<\/a> Vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fa t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m: n\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 gi\u00fap l\u1edbn l\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ee9c tin.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"219\">\n<li>Nh\u00f3m l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng trong ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o luy\u1ec7n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ecdi l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i: tr\u1ebb em, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 trong vi\u1ec7c tr\u1edf n\u00ean x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p; ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u1eafc b\u00e9n nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt; ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n kinh nghi\u1ec7m vi\u1ec7c chia s\u1ebb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m trong H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c trong nh\u00f3m kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh, v\u1ed1n t\u00ecm th\u1ebfy h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ecf t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 cho c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 nh\u00f3m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 chom vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3n ch\u00e0o v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c rao gi\u1ea3ng Tin M\u1eebng theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c nh\u00f3m, vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"220\">\n<li>S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp nh\u00f3m nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i m\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng s\u00e2u xa ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Khi n\u00f3 m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, nh\u00f3m chu to\u00e0n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh, nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a b\u1edfi Ch\u00faa Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee9c tin. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf ra cho \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt vi\u1ec7c nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u00f4n s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m, v\u1ed1n c\u0169ng nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00f3m nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u0103n t\u00ednh v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tham gia c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ee9c tin, v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 cao \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1edf bu\u1ed5i t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp ng\u00e0y Ch\u00faa Nh\u1eadt, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, trong kinh nghi\u1ec7m cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u1edbi Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh huynh \u0111\u1ec7 v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu, nh\u00f3m tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng cho th\u1ebf gian.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 KH\u00d4NG GIAN<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"221\">\n<li>M\u1ed7i n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, hay c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u00ednh, th\u1ecb hay c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng t\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng qua kh\u00f4ng gian. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh coi nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac thay cho s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o. Qua nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean, H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3n ch\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: c\u1eed h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, chia s\u1ebb t\u00ecnh huynh \u0111\u1ec7 v\u00e0 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 trong nh\u1eefng khu nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh th\u1eddi s\u01a1 khai, <em>ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng (narthex)<\/em> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng gi\u1eefa c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1edd, nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3n c\u00e1c h\u1ed1i nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 t\u00f2ng. Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang tr\u00ed b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh trong Th\u00e1nh Kinh hay nh\u1eefng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ee9c tin, ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, qua c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh n\u00e0y, ch\u0169ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng gian cho vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd. Trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, song song v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng gian d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng gian cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o luy\u1ec7n c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu, cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u00f3a v\u00e0 b\u00e1c \u00e1i.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"222\">\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng gian cho vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng khung c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch Ph\u00fac \u00c2m h\u00f3a ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n nay, th\u1eadt th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 n\u00e9t ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01a1i d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 rao gi\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e0o d\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Cho n\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i \u1ea5m c\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u1ed1t, ng\u00f5 h\u1ea7u ch\u00fang truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed th\u00e2n m\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u00e1ch b\u00ecnh th\u1ea3n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c sinh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. Nh\u1eefng khung c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ecfng theo c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c th\u00edch nghi nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng gian n\u00e0y v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"223\">\n<li>Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh <em>\u0111i ra<\/em>, v\u1ed1n \u0111i qua vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng gian. N\u00ean khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd \u1edf nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00e1c nhau: \u1edf nh\u00e0, t\u1ea1i v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00f9&#8230;. Nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i n\u00e0y, th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa t\u00e2m m\u1ea5y so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, l\u1ea1i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i gi\u00e1o l\u00fd ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 quen thu\u1ed9c h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 trong s\u1ef1 n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh h\u01a1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadt \u1ea5y, vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CT, 51.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CT 55.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 GDC 155.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 GLCG 170-171.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Phanxic\u00f4, <em>Hu\u1ea5n t\u1eeb d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c tham d\u1ef1 vi\u00ean trong Phi\u00ean H\u1ecdp Kho\u00e1ng \u0110\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 C\u1ed5 V\u00f5 vi\u1ec7c T\u00e2n Ph\u00fac \u00c2m h\u00f3a<\/em> (ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 5, 2015).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 X. Gioan Phaol\u00f4, T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0 <em>Duodecimum saeculum<\/em> (ng\u00e0y 4 th\u00e1ng 12, 1987), 11.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <em>Adversus Constantinum Caballinum<\/em>, 10 (PG 95 325).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Augustin\u00f4 th\u00e0nh Hipp\u00f4, <em>T\u1ef1 Th\u00fa<\/em> 9.6.14 (CCL 27.141; PL 32.769-770).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 EG 167.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> \u00a0 V\u1ec1 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 n\u00f3i chung, x. c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 359-372 (<em>D\u1ea1y Gi\u00e1o L\u00fd v\u00e0 N\u1ec1n V\u0103n H\u00f3a Thu\u1eadt S\u1ed1<\/em>) c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> \u00a0 Ben\u00ea\u0111ict\u00f4 XVI, <em>S\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p cho Ng\u00e0y Truy\u1ec1n Th\u00f4ng Th\u1ebf Gi\u1edbi l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 47<\/em> (ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 1, 2013).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> \u00a0 Phanxic\u00f4, <em>Hu\u1ea5n t\u1eeb d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c tham d\u1ef1 vi\u00ean trong Phi\u00ean H\u1ecdp Kho\u00e1ng \u0110\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 Truy\u1ec1n Th\u00f4ng X\u00e3 H\u1ed9i <\/em>(ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 9, 2013).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> \u00a0 EG 87.<\/p>\n<div class=\"scripture_popup\" popid=\"41.157155\"><div class='scripture_header'><div class='cathref_close_button' closeid='41.157155'><div class='cathref_close_button_highlight'><\/div><\/div><span class='passage'>Proverbs 1:12,15<\/span><br \/><span class='alternates'>View in: <a href='http:\/\/www.usccb.org\/nab\/bible\/proverbs\/proverbs1.htm#v12' onclick=\"window.open(this.href); return false;\" onkeypress=\"window.open(this.href); return false;\" title='(opens Proverbs 1:12,15 in a new window)'>NAB<\/a><\/span><\/div><div class='scripture_text'><div class='verse'><span class='verse_number'>12<\/span>Let us swallow him up alive like hell, and whole as one that goeth down into the pit.<\/div><div class='verse'><span class='verse_number'>15<\/span>My son, walk not thou with them, restrain thy foot from their paths.<\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S\u1ef0 LI\u00caN H\u1ec6 GI\u1eeeA N\u1ed8I DUNG V\u00c0 PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P &nbsp; M\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m nh\u1eadp th\u1ec3 g\u1ee3i h\u1ee9ng cho ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m gi\u00e1o l\u00fd. M\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0m \u00fd v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a hu\u1ea5n gi\u00e1o, v\u1ed1n ph\u1ea3i quy v\u1ec1 L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi th\u1eadt &#8230; <span class=\"more\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/chuong-7-phap-hoc-trong-huan-giao\/\">[Read more&#8230;]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[77],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"entry","1":"post","2":"publish","3":"author-phaolo","4":"post-13912","6":"format-standard","7":"category-tan-chi-nam-huan-giao"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13912","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13912"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13912\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13913,"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13912\/revisions\/13913"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13912"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13912"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13912"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}