{"id":2297,"date":"2011-05-30T22:12:37","date_gmt":"2011-05-30T16:12:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/?p=2297"},"modified":"2012-04-27T07:41:57","modified_gmt":"2012-04-27T01:41:57","slug":"bai-giao-ly-th%e1%bb%a9-nh%e1%ba%a5t-v%e1%bb%81-c%e1%ba%a7u-nguy%e1%bb%87n-c%e1%bb%a7a-dtc-benedicto-xvi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/bai-giao-ly-th%e1%bb%a9-nh%e1%ba%a5t-v%e1%bb%81-c%e1%ba%a7u-nguy%e1%bb%87n-c%e1%bb%a7a-dtc-benedicto-xvi\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u00e0i Gi\u00e1o L\u00fd Th\u1ee9 1 v\u1ec1 C\u1ea7u Nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0110TC B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111ict\u00f4 XVI"},"content":{"rendered":"

D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y B\u00e0i Gi\u00e1o L\u00fd c\u1ee7a \u0110TC B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111ict\u00f4 XVI v\u1ec1 C\u1ea7u Nguy\u1ec7n trong C\u00e1c N<\/em>\u1ec1n V\u0103n H\u00f3a C\u1ed5 Th\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh trong bu\u1ed5i Tri\u1ec1u Y\u1ebft Chung t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4, ng\u00e0y Th\u1ee9 T\u01b0 m\u00f9ng 4 th\u00e1ng n\u0103m 2011. B\u00e0i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef \u00a0t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n Ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh.<\/em>
\n\u00a0<\/p>\n

Anh ch\u1ecb em th\u00e2n m\u1ebfn,<\/p>\n

H\u00f4m nay t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i gi\u00e1o l\u00fd m\u1edbi. Sau nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i gi\u00e1o l\u00fd v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o Ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi Trung C\u1ed5, nh\u1eefng khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u1eddi danh, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00e2n qu\u00fd: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n theo Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, c\u00e1ch c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n m\u00e0 Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang ta. \u00a0Th\u1ef1c ra ch\u00ednh trong Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa qua t\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5 t\u1eed v\u00e0 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 con th\u1ea3o s\u00e2u xa v\u00e0 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n tin t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u xin Ng\u01b0\u1eddi: “L\u1ea1y Ch\u00faa, xin d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang con c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n” (11 Lc, 1).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i gi\u00e1o l\u00fd s\u1eafp \u0111\u1ebfn, qua ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn Th\u00e1nh Kinh, truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o Ph\u1ee5 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh, c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng B\u1eadc Th\u1ea7y t\u00e2m linh, Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5, ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi Ch\u00faa, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n n\u1eefa trong \u201ctr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n.”<\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean: c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n h\u1ecdc \u0111i h\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y; ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u00e2m linh lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh. Ch\u00fang ta h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa qua g\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00e1c s\u00e1ch Tin M\u1eebng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 cho ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1ch m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Ch\u00faa Cha: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng s\u00e2u xa c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea5ng \u0111\u1ebfn trong th\u1ebf gian kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m theo \u00fd M\u00ecnh m\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo \u00fd Ch\u00faa Cha l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng \u0111\u00e3 sai Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Trong b\u00e0i gi\u00e1o l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i th\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ed5 th\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n v\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi Ai C\u1eadp c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f9, qua vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7u xin th\u1ea7n linh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c cho m\u00ecnh, ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n trong s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang \u0111au kh\u1ed5. \u00a0Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n: “T\u00e2m h\u1ed3n con mong \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y Ng\u00e0i … Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho con th\u1ea5y b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i, xin h\u00e3y t\u1ea1o ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng cho con. Xin l\u00e0m cho con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y Ng\u00e0i! Xin h\u00e3y gh\u00e9 dung nhan \u0111\u00e1ng m\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i tr\u00ean con” (A. Barucq – F. Daumas, C\u00e1c Th\u00e1nh Thi v\u00e0 Kinh Nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Ai C\u1eadp c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i (Hymmes et pr\u00eceres de l\u2019Egypte ancienne)<\/em>, Paris 1980). \u00a0Xin cho con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y Ng\u00e0i; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n!<\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Mesopotamia, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o b\u1ecb th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00ea li\u1ec7t b\u1edfi m\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i th\u1ea7n b\u00ed, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t hy v\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. \u00a0Cho n\u00ean ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t t\u00edn h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vang v\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 sau: “\u00d4i l\u1ea1y Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng khoan dung ngay c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, xin tha t\u1ed9i con …. L\u1ea1y Ch\u00faa, xin \u0111o\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u00ean n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 ki\u1ec7t qu\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 xin th\u1ed5i l\u00e0n gi\u00f3 nh\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i tr\u00ean n\u00f3: xin tha cho n\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u1edb ch\u1ea7n ch\u1edd. Xin gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i. Xin gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t con kh\u1ecfi t\u00f9 \u0111\u00e0y, cho con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1edf m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, xin b\u1ebb g\u1eaby xi\u1ec1ng x\u00edch c\u1ee7a con, xin n\u1edbi l\u1ecfng g\u00f4ng c\u00f9m cho con” (MJ Seux, C\u00e1c th\u00e1nh thi v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n minh c\u1ee7a Babylon v\u00e0 Assyria (Hymnes et pr\u00ecere aux Dieux de Babylone at d\u2019Assyrie)<\/em>, Paris 1976). T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 tr\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c, d\u00f9 c\u00f2n m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t \u00a0v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

Trong t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Hy L\u1ea1p c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3: nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, trong khi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c xin Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1eddi th\u01b0\u01a1ng trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u00edch l\u1ee3i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb t\u1eeb h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u xin \u00edt v\u1ecb l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u gi\u00fap cho c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. \u00a0<\/p>\n

Th\u00ed d\u1ee5, tri\u1ebft gia th\u1eddi danh Plato ghi l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh, l\u00e0 Socrates, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp ra t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Socrates \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 sau: “… xin ban cho cho con v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a linh h\u1ed3n! C\u00f2n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, xin cho con ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec con c\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m.\u00a0 Xin cho con coi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4n ngoan l\u00e0 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3; v\u00e0 cho con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u sang m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e1nh v\u00e1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu\u00a0 \u0111\u1ef1ng\u201d (Plato, C\u00e1c T\u00e1c Ph\u1ea9m<\/em> \u00a0(\u0152uvres)<\/em> I. Phaedrus, 279c<\/em>). Tr\u00ean h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4n ngoan, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a.<\/p>\n

Trong nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng bi k\u1ecbch Hy L\u1ea1p, ngay c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y nay, sau 25 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1ecdc, suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 th\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng uy phong c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng bi k\u1ecbch \u1ea5y n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: “\u00d4i \u0111\u1ea5ng l\u00e0m cho tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t di chuy\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng ng\u1ef1 tr\u00ean n\u00f3, Jupiter, Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 ai, \u0111\u1ea5ng m\u00e0 nh\u00e3n quan c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i hay ch\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, con t\u00f4n k\u00ednh Ng\u00e0i, v\u00ec b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch b\u00ed m\u1eadt, Ng\u00e0i cai qu\u1ea3n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo c\u00f4ng l\u00fd” (Euripides, Les Trojennes<\/em>, 884-886). [Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1] Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, tuy nhi\u00ean, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn ra Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea5ng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng th\u1ebf trong s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi R\u00f4ma, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, d\u00f9 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ecb l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u0103n b\u1ea3n tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7u xin Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, \u0111\u00f4i khi m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u xin \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 v\u00ec s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng s\u00f9ng k\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh l\u1eddi ng\u1ee3i khen v\u00e0 t\u1ea1 \u01a1n. M\u1ed9t t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 R\u00f4ma t\u1ea1i Phi Ch\u00e2u \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 hai sau CN, l\u00e0 Apulei\u00f4, \u0111\u00e3 minh ch\u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ecdng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. Trong ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 Metamorphoses<\/em> c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, m\u1ed9t t\u00edn h\u1eefu tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean m\u1ed9t n\u1eef th\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00e0y: “L\u1ea1y Th\u1ea7n Linh Th\u00e1nh, ngu\u1ed3n \u01a1n c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ea5ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1ng m\u1ebfn y\u00eau c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i hay ch\u1ebft, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5ng kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfc t\u00ecnh y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eabu t\u1eed \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd trong c\u01a1n \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat n\u00e0o qua \u0111i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u01a1n ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i\u201d (Madaura Apuleius, Metamorphoses<\/em>, xi, 25).<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Marc\u00f4 Aureli\u00f4 \u2013 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ebft gia suy t\u01b0 v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u2013 \u0111\u00e3 \u00a0kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u00d4ng vi\u1ebft trong H\u1ed3i K\u00fd\/T\u01b0 T\u01b0\u1edfng (Souvenir\/Pens\u00e9es)<\/em> c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng: “Ai n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n minh kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta b\u1eb1ng l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta? H\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y” (T\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3n T\u00e2m Linh (Dictionaire de Spiritualit\u00e9) <\/em>XII\/2, col. 2213).<\/p>\n

L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf tri\u1ebft gia \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4, ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ea5t \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ra v\u1edbi m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. \u00a0Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, trong m\u1ed7i l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta lu\u00f4n n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 lo\u00e0i th\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o, l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t c\u1ea3m nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1n c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, do \u0111\u00f3 xin Tr\u1eddi ph\u00f9 gi\u00fap, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Tr\u1eddi ban cho m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, cho n\u00ean trong khi chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn M\u1eb7c Kh\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi Ng\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n m\u1ebfn, trong nh\u1eefng th\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh kh\u00e1c nhau n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ea5ng kh\u00e1c cao tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng th\u1eafc m\u1eafc v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u00f9 m\u1edd v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd b\u0103n kho\u0103n, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong s\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i cho th\u1ebf gian.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 pha tr\u1ed9n gi\u1eefa thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u00e1c, gi\u1eefa \u0111au kh\u1ed5 oan u\u1ed5ng, v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m vui c\u00f9ng c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7u xin Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa ban \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ch\u00fang ta tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gian v\u00e0 m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m hy v\u1ecdng v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea7u t\u1ee9 tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111ang ch\u1edd m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi t\u1eeb tr\u00ean Thi\u00ean \u0110\u00ecnh. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i tri\u1ebft gia ngo\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, Procl\u00f4 \u1edf Constantinople, \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ecdng n\u00e0y, r\u1eb1ng: “L\u1ea1y \u0110\u1ea5ng B\u1ea5t Kh\u1ea3 Tri, kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ng\u00e0i. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang con ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Ng\u00e0i. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang con \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Ng\u00e0i, m\u1ecdi \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o Ng\u00e0i, \u00d4i \u0110\u1ea5ng kh\u00f4n t\u1ea3, linh h\u1ed3n ch\u00fang con c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i, v\u00e0 d\u00e2ng l\u00ean Ng\u00e0i b\u00e0i th\u00e1nh thi c\u00f4 t\u1ecbnh” (Hymnes<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c th\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta v\u1eeba n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng ao \u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi trong t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 trong C\u1ef1u \u01af\u1edbc v\u00e0 T\u00e2n \u01af\u1edbc.\u00a0 Th\u1ef1c ra, M\u1eb7c Kh\u1ea3i thanh l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 mang \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ecdng nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u00ean m\u00e3n, ban cho h\u1ecd, trong c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft h\u01a1n v\u1edbi Cha tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong “tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n” ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y xin Ch\u00faa soi s\u00e1ng t\u00e2m tr\u00ed ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm, tr\u00ecu m\u1ebfn v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y th\u01b0a: “L\u1ea1y Ch\u00faa, xin d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang con c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n” (11 Lc, 1).<\/p>\n

\u0110TC B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111ict\u00f4 XVI<\/strong><\/p>\n

Phaol\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m Xu\u00e2n Kh\u00f4i chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y B\u00e0i Gi\u00e1o L\u00fd c\u1ee7a \u0110TC B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111ict\u00f4 XVI v\u1ec1 C\u1ea7u Nguy\u1ec7n trong C\u00e1c N\u1ec1n V\u0103n H\u00f3a C\u1ed5 Th\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh trong bu\u1ed5i Tri\u1ec1u Y\u1ebft Chung t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4, ng\u00e0y Th\u1ee9 T\u01b0 m\u00f9ng 4 th\u00e1ng n\u0103m 2011. B\u00e0i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef \u00a0t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n Ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh. \u00a0 Anh ch\u1ecb … [Read more…]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"entry","1":"post","2":"publish","3":"author-phaolo","4":"post-2297","6":"format-standard","7":"category-giao-ly-dtc"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2297","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2297"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2297\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2297"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2297"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2297"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}