{"id":1938,"date":"2023-04-12T23:56:57","date_gmt":"2023-04-12T17:56:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/?p=1938"},"modified":"2023-03-30T22:13:38","modified_gmt":"2023-03-30T16:13:38","slug":"ngoi-m%e1%bb%99-tr%e1%bb%91ng","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/ngoi-m%e1%bb%99-tr%e1%bb%91ng\/","title":{"rendered":"Ng\u00f4i M\u1ed9 Tr\u1ed1ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

(Gioan 20,1-9 \u2013 CN PH\u1ee4C SINH – Ban ng\u00e0y)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/em><\/p>\n

Trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, c\u00f3 l\u1eafm phen ch\u00fang ta n\u1ebfm c\u1ea3m nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn, ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n bu\u00f4ng xu\u00f4i, y nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 ni\u00eam phong l\u1ea1i, ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f2n g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 hy v\u1ecdng, ngo\u00e0i m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m nu\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc kh\u00f4n ngu\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0ng \u201ct\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 l\u0103n ra kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed9\u201d!<\/em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

1.- Ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 sang ph\u1ea7n ii c\u1ee7a TM Ga<\/em>, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cS\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 Gi\u1edd c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu\u201d v\u1edbi hai ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh: (1) \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu c\u00e1o bi\u1ec7t khi \u0111\u1ebfn Gi\u1edd (t\u1ea1i B\u1eefa t\u1ed1i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng) (Ga<\/em> 13\u201317); (2) Gi\u1edd c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c Kh\u1ed5 N\u1ea1n-Ch\u1ebft-S\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu (18,1\u201320,29).<\/p>\n

\u00a0Ph\u1ea7n ii c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

A (18,1-14+) : \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu uy nghi to\u00e0n n\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc Giu\u0111a k\u1ebb ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m \u0111i b\u1eaft Ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

B (18,12-27) : \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu b\u1ecb x\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n Ph\u00ear\u00f4 ch\u1ed1i t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

C (18,28\u201319,16b) : Cu\u1ed9c x\u1eed \u00e1n v\u00e0 k\u1ebft \u00e1n \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu, vua d\u00e2n Do-th\u00e1i, do Philat\u00f4 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

C\u2019(19,16c-42) : Vua d\u00e2n Do-th\u00e1i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111inh, ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an t\u00e1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3i G\u00f4ng\u00f4tha.<\/p>\n

B\u2019(20,1-18) : Ph\u00ear\u00f4 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 Ch\u00faa y\u00eau t\u1ea1i m\u1ed3 tr\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu hi\u1ec7n ra v\u1edbi Maria M\u00e1c\u0111ala.<\/p>\n

A\u2019(20,19-29) : C\u00e1c l\u1ea7n Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu hi\u1ec7n ra v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 v\u00e0 T\u00f4ma ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng tin.<\/p>\n

2.- B\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n v\u0103n Ga<\/em> 20,1-10 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia th\u00e0nh hai ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n

1) Th\u1eddi gian: S\u00e1ng s\u1edbm ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, Maria M\u00e1c\u0111ala ra m\u1ed9 (20,1-2);<\/p>\n

2) H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh: Ph\u00ear\u00f4 v\u00e0 Gioan ra m\u1ed9 (20,3-10).<\/p>\n

3.- V\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/a>– l\u00fac t\u1ea3ng s\u00e1ng <\/em>(1): Pr\u00f4i<\/em>, d\u1ecbch s\u00e1t l\u00e0 \u201cl\u00fac s\u1edbm trong bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 canh cu\u1ed1i theo c\u00e1ch chia c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi R\u00f4ma, t\u1eeb 3-6 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng (ng\u01b0\u1eddi R\u00f4ma t\u00ednh gi\u1edd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam).<\/p>\n

– Maria M\u00e1c\u0111ala <\/em>(1): TM Ga<\/em> ch\u1ec9 n\u00eau t\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh b\u00e0 Maria M\u00e1c\u0111ala; Mt<\/em> n\u00eau t\u00ean hai b\u00e0; Mc<\/em> n\u00eau ra ba b\u00e0; c\u00f2n Lc<\/em> (24,10) n\u00eau t\u00ean ba b\u00e0 \u201cc\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef kh\u00e1c\u201d. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Nh\u1ea5t L\u00e3m<\/em> s\u00e1t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf h\u01a1n, b\u1edfi v\u00ec kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t <\/em>ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef l\u1ea1i d\u00e1m \u0111i m\u1ed9t <\/em>m\u00ecnh trong l\u00fac tr\u1eddi c\u00f2n nh\u00e1 nhem \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i h\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh. V\u1edbi l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh c\u00e2u n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a b\u00e0: \u201cV\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/em> ch\u1eb3ng bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u\u201d g\u1ee3i \u00fd l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u1edf v\u1edbi b\u00e0. Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb Lc<\/em> 8,2 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00e0 Maria M\u00e1c\u0111ala v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1eeb kh\u1ecfi b\u1ea3y qu\u1ef7, b\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn trong li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111inh v\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9 tr\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Bi\u1ec7t danh c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 cho th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh M\u00e1c\u0111ala, \u1edf v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n t\u00e2y b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Galil\u00ea, c\u00e1ch Caph\u00e1cnaum kho\u1ea3ng b\u1ea3y d\u1eb7m v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y nam.<\/p>\n

– \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn\u00a0 m\u1ed9 <\/em>(1): Ga<\/em> kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd do. Mc<\/em> v\u00e0 Lc<\/em> cho bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef mang d\u1ea7u th\u01a1m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea9m li\u1ec7m thi h\u00e0i \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu. Mt<\/em> ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn xem m\u1ed9, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd v\u00ec Mt<\/em> \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9 c\u00f3 l\u00ednh canh n\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

– b\u00e0 \u2026 th\u1ea5y<\/em> (1): TM IV<\/em> c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn, t\u1eeb c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn th\u1ec3 l\u00fd nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn chi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: blepein<\/em>, the\u00f4rein<\/em>, theasthai, horan<\/em> [idein<\/em>]. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean cho r\u1eb1ng \u201cth\u1ea5y\u201d \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 blepein<\/em>, c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t, n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn mang t\u00ednh v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u1ecbt (x. ch. 9; 21,9), v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf blepein<\/em> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7: 5,19 (\u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu th\u1ea5y Ch\u00faa Cha) v\u00e0 9,39 (h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 \u00fd ch\u01a1i ch\u1eef \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y: d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u1edbi hai ngh\u0129a).<\/p>\n

The\u00f4rein<\/em> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u00ecn t\u1eadp trung, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec gi\u1edd h\u01a1n blepein<\/em>, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng h\u00e0m \u00fd m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u xa h\u01a1n; c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c tin tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea7y (x. 2,23; 4,19; 6,2.19;20,12.14). Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7: 6,40; 17,24; c\u00f2n 14,17 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u ch\u01a1i ch\u1eef v\u1edbi hai ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n

Horan<\/em> (idein<\/em>) c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn k\u00e8m theo s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c, t\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c tin (20,8.25). C\u00e2u 16,16 c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf: \u201cM\u1ed9t \u00edt n\u1eefa, anh em s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y Th\u1ea7y (= the\u00f4rein<\/em>), r\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t \u00edt n\u1eefa, anh em s\u1ebd xem th\u1ea5y (= horan<\/em>) Th\u1ea7y\u201d. Xem th\u00eam 1,34.50.51; 3,11.32; 11,40; 14,7.9; 19,35.37; 20,29. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7, khi horan<\/em> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng theo ngh\u0129a th\u1ec3 l\u00fd: 1,39; 5,6; 4,45.48; 6,14.22.24.30.36; 7,52; 12,9 (horan<\/em> = the\u00f4rein<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Theasthai<\/em> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i nh\u00e0 ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u201cchi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng\u201d, v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a s\u00e2u xa c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra (x. 1,14; 4,35) v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o 1 Ga<\/em> 1,1, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 horan<\/em> l\u00e0 c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n theasthai<\/em> (\u201c\u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y [horan<\/em>] t\u1eadn m\u1eaft, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 chi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng [theasthai<\/em>]\u201d). Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf 1,38\u00a0 v\u00e0 6,5, theasthai<\/em> d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y th\u1ec3 l\u00fd; \u1edf 1,32 (= 1,34); 11,45, theasthai<\/em> l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi horan<\/em>. B\u1edfi v\u00ec theasthai<\/em> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 phong ph\u00fa nh\u01b0 horan<\/em>, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u1ea1m x\u1ebfp theasthai<\/em> v\u00e0o c\u1ea5p th\u1ee9 ba.<\/p>\n

– t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1<\/em> (1): T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 vi\u1ebft y nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 n\u00e0y. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Lc<\/em>, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Ga<\/em> kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ni\u00eam phong t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 (x. Mt<\/em> 27,66) hay ni\u00eam phong ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t <\/em>t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1.<\/p>\n

– \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed3 <\/em>(1 – NTT): C\u00e1c TMNL<\/em> n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u0103n ra\u201d (Mc<\/em> 16,4; Mt<\/em> 28,2; Lc<\/em> 24,2 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb apokyli\u00f4<\/em>, \u201cl\u0103n \u0111i xa\u201d, \u1edf th\u00e1i b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng); Ga<\/em> th\u00ec n\u00f3i \u201c\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t (\u00earmenos<\/em>] kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed3\u201d. Ng\u00e0nh kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 x\u1ee9 Pal\u00e9ttina cho th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 n\u1eb1m ngang v\u00e0 c\u1eeda v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 n\u00e0y nh\u1ecf h\u1eb9p, c\u00f3 khi cao ch\u1ec9 g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t <\/em>th\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1eddn m\u00e0 v\u00e0o. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ni\u00eam m\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t <\/em>t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 ch\u1eafn ngay c\u1eeda v\u00e0o. Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n th\u00ec c\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eafn b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t <\/em>t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u0103n tr\u00f2n theo m\u1ed9t <\/em>c\u00e1i r\u00e3nh \u1edf ngang c\u1eeda v\u00e0o, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda l\u00f9a. Ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng b\u00ean trong c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t <\/em>gian ngo\u00e0i; gian trong m\u1edbi d\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 mai t\u00e1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u00e1 c\u1ed1. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch mai t\u00e1ng: c\u00f3 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kho\u00e9t nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i h\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ee5c v\u00e0o s\u00e2u trong v\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y thi h\u00e0i v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc; c\u00f3 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebdo v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng t\u1ea7ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i \u1ed5 b\u00e1n cung (nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>c\u00e1i k\u1ec7) c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u1eebng n\u1eeda th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t thi h\u00e0i v\u00e0o; c\u00f3 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t b\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 s\u00e1t v\u00e1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t thi h\u00e0i l\u00ean. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mai t\u00e1ng trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 theo c\u00e1ch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

– B\u00e0 li\u1ec1n ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 <\/em>(2): Maria M\u00e1c\u0111ala \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9 n\u00ean ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra l\u00e0 thi h\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eefa, hay l\u00e0 b\u00e0 suy di\u1ec5n ra t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ecb ni\u00eam phong? Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng theo gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec hi\u1ec3u theo l\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng; nh\u01b0ng c\u1ee9 theo b\u1ea3n v\u0103n TM IV<\/em> th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u theo gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft th\u1ee9 hai, b\u1edfi v\u00ec tr\u1eddi c\u00f2n t\u1ed1i v\u00e0 b\u1edfi th\u00f4ng tin l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn c. 11, b\u00e0 m\u1edbi \u201cc\u00fai xu\u1ed1ng nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9\u201d. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho r\u1eb1ng l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u c. 11 \u0111i theo c. 1.<\/p>\n

– g\u1eb7p \u00f4ng Sim\u00f4n Ph\u00ear\u00f4 <\/em>(2): Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng cho r\u1eb1ng Maria \u0111i t\u00ecm Ph\u00ear\u00f4 v\u00ec \u00f4ng l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 l\u00e3nh c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n, n\u00ean nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng Ph\u00ear\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u00f4ng kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u1edf g\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu khi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c Do-th\u00e1i th\u1ea9m v\u1ea5n (Ga<\/em> 18,27).<\/p>\n

– ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn<\/em> (2): Dung m\u1ea1o b\u00ed \u1ea9n \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 Ch\u00faa th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t \u1edf Ga<\/em> 13,23, l\u00fac m\u00e0 truy\u1ec7n s\u1eafp l\u00ean t\u1edbi cao \u0111\u1ec9nh, l\u00fac m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu quy t\u1ee5 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 th\u00e2n t\u00edn l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb m\u1ed9t <\/em>b\u1eefa \u0103n t\u1ea1 t\u1eeb v\u00e0 ban nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng (x. Ga<\/em> ch. 13\u201317). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn ta hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 Ch\u00faa th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>dung m\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 quen bi\u1ebft. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau t\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u1edf trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng v\u00f4 danh cho \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ebft Tin M\u1eebng<\/em>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t <\/em>t\u00ecnh th\u00e2n m\u1eadt v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 nh\u00f3m: \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u00eang m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o ng\u1ef1c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu (en t\u00f4 kolp\u00f4 tou I\u00easou<\/em>, Ga<\/em> 13,23; x. 13,25; 21,20 [epi to st\u00eathos<\/em>]). Ki\u1ec3u th\u00e2n m\u1eadt n\u00e0y g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb t\u00ecnh th\u00e2n m\u1eadt gi\u1eefa \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu v\u00e0 Ch\u00faa Cha: \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00faa Cha y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng (Ga<\/em> 15,9; 18,26), l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Con M\u1ed9t, \u1edf trong l\u00f2ng Ch\u00faa Cha (ho h\u0153n eis ton kolpon tou patros<\/em>, Ga<\/em> 1,18). \u0110\u1ebfn Ga<\/em> 18,15, th\u00ec xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u201cm\u1ed9t m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c\u201d, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u0169ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Sim\u00f4n Ph\u00ear\u00f4 l\u00e0m hi\u1ec7u h\u1ecfi \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu trong b\u1eefa t\u1ed1i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng (Ga<\/em> 13,24). T\u1ea1i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 19, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh th\u00e2n m\u1eabu \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu (Ga<\/em> 19,26). \u0110\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 20, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn\u201d (20,2) v\u1edbi \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 kia\u201d (20,4.8). Sim\u00f4n Ph\u00ear\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn\u201d l\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n b\u00ean nhau trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng (21,7.20).<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ai? T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Ga<\/em> \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh 5 l\u1ea7n r\u1eb1ng ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn\u201d (13,23; 19,26; 20,2; 21,7.20). C\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt: Gioan, con \u00f4ng D\u00eab\u00ea\u0111\u00ea; Ladar\u00f4; Gioan M\u00e1cc\u00f4 (x. Cv<\/em> 12,12); Tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o Gioan; m\u1ed9t dung m\u1ea1o t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t (R.E. Brown) v\u1eabn l\u00e0 coi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u1ea5y l\u00e0 Gioan, con \u00f4ng D\u00eab\u00ea\u0111\u00ea v\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 TM IV<\/em> (tr\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 21)[1]<\/a>[1]. J.A. Grassi[2]<\/a>[2] \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh: (1) D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o TM Ga<\/em>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Gioan, con \u00f4ng D\u00eab\u00ea\u0111\u00ea v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong Nh\u00f3m M\u01b0\u1eddi Hai. (2) \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t dung m\u1ea1o v\u1eeba c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi Giac\u00f3p v\u1eeba c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi Giuse con y\u00eau qu\u00fd c\u1ee7a Giac\u00f3p. (3) \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb v\u00f4 danh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Anr\u00ea \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng Gio\u0111an. (4) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb mi\u1ec1n Giu\u0111\u00ea, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh t\u01b0 t\u1ebf \u1edf Gi\u00earusalem. (5) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u201cem b\u00e9\u201d \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eb7ng n\u0103m chi\u1ebfc b\u00e1nh v\u00e0 hai con c\u00e1. (6) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u01b0u ti\u00ean trong b\u1eefa t\u1ed1i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00ed m\u1eadt th\u00e2m s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec7n b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ebft, v\u00ec \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf th\u1eeba th\u1ea7m k\u00edn c\u00f3 s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng gi\u00fap cho th\u1ebf gian hi\u1ec3u th\u1eadt s\u00e2u cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi. (7) B\u1ea3n v\u0103n tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n th\u1eadp gi\u00e1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu. D\u00f9 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 21 n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn ta nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n v\u0103n c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y: ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebf t\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u00fd mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a b\u1eb1ng t\u00ecnh y\u00eau. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 21 n\u00e0y, ta th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 \u01a1n g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7: ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 Ch\u00faa th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn c\u00f3 \u01a1n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng, c\u00f2n Ph\u00ear\u00f4 c\u00f3 \u01a1n g\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c \u01a1n g\u1ecdi ch\u0103n d\u1eaft \u0111o\u00e0n chi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i chung v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u00e0y. D\u00f9 sao, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ki\u1ec3u g\u1ecdi \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 Ch\u00faa th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn\u201d h\u1eb3n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u1ea5y, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y[3]<\/a>[3]. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee9 cho \u0111i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho m\u1ecdi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong ho\u1ea1t c\u1ea3nh tr\u00ean \u0110\u1ed3i S\u1ecd, khi \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu k\u00fd th\u00e1c \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 m\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn\u201d cho th\u00e2n m\u1eabu: \u201cTh\u01b0a B\u00e0, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 con c\u1ee7a B\u00e0\u201d. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n trong t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7y k\u1ecbch t\u00ednh v\u1edbi Ph\u00ear\u00f4, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 Ch\u00faa th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin tinh trong c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, c\u00f2n Ph\u00ear\u00f4 c\u1ee7a TM IV<\/em> t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u00e0m h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u00f2n pha tr\u1ed9n n\u01a1i c\u00e1c H\u1ecdi Th\u00e1nh th\u1eddi c\u00e1c t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

– \u0111em Ch\u00faa <\/em>(2): C\u00f3 l\u1ebd b\u00e2y gi\u1edd vi\u1ebft trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u1eadu Ph\u1ee5c Sinh, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng danh hi\u1ec7u \u201cCh\u00faa\u201d (kyrios<\/em>) n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu.<\/p>\n

– v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/em> (2): Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh Maria M\u00e1c\u0111ala \u1edf ngo\u00e0i m\u1ed9. Th\u1ebf m\u00e0 b\u00e0 l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u201cch\u00fang t\u00f4i\u201d. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch: (1) C\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u00e0 kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a, ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e0 Maria M\u00e1c\u0111ala th\u00f4i; (2) T\u1eeb \u201cch\u00fang t\u00f4i\u201d l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 dung h\u00f2a TM IV<\/em> v\u1edbi c\u00e1c TMNL<\/em> (Wellhausen v\u00e0 Spitta); nh\u01b0ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 v\u00ec sao TM IV<\/em> kh\u00e1c c\u00e1c TMNL<\/em> \u1edf r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u chi ti\u1ebft, m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i r\u00e1ng dung h\u00f2a t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t <\/em>chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf, tinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf? (3) Bultmann v\u00e0 v\u00e0i t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb \u201cch\u00fang t\u00f4i\u201d ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 S\u00ea-m\u00edt \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u201ct\u00f4i\u201d; nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9 sao ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m l\u1ea1 l\u00e0 trong truy\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp theo, Maria l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y \u1edf s\u1ed1 \u00edt (c. 13).<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u1ea5t. \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

– ch\u1ea1y mau h\u01a1n <\/em>(4): Cha Lagrange cho r\u1eb1ng v\u00ec \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 kia\u201d c\u00f2n tr\u1ebb h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nhanh nh\u1eb9n h\u01a1n Ph\u00ear\u00f4 n\u00ean ch\u1ea1y mau h\u01a1n. Ishodad de Merv cho r\u1eb1ng v\u00ec \u00f4ng ch\u01b0a l\u1eadp gia \u0111\u00ecnh! C\u00f3 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cho r\u1eb1ng v\u00ec t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho \u00f4ng ch\u1ea1y nhanh. Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd l\u00e0 cho r\u1eb1ng v\u00ec \u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch ch\u1ea1y h\u01a1n Ph\u00ear\u00f4.<\/p>\n

– nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0o<\/em> (5): Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i cho r\u1eb1ng \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 Ch\u00faa th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn\u201d kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0o v\u00ec k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng Ph\u00ear\u00f4 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n anh, hay l\u00e0 v\u00ec kinh ng\u1ea1c, ho\u1eb7c v\u00ec s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i (s\u1ee3 ma!), ho\u1eb7c mu\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m theo nghi th\u1ee9c khi ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t x\u00e1c ch\u1ebft. Nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3u gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi dung m\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd-t\u01b0\u1edfng-h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 n\u00e0y trong TM<\/em>. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 ghi l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t <\/em>chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, l\u00e0 v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Khi k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng, ng\u00e0i l\u1ea1i nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t <\/em>chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i trong TM<\/em> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ee3i l\u00ean trung th\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng (Guillemette). <\/em>\u00a0<\/p>\n

– \u00d4ng c\u00fai xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y <\/em>(5): \u201cTh\u1ea5y\u201d \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 blep\u00f4<\/em>.<\/p>\n

– Ph\u00ear\u00f4 theo sau <\/em>(6): Ph\u00ear\u00f4 b\u01b0\u1edbc theo (akolouth\u00f4n<\/em>) ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 Ch\u00faa th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7? \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u201cb\u01b0\u1edbc theo\u201d r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng theo ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y; th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 \u201cb\u01b0\u1edbc theo\u201d \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu. Ai mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp Ph\u00ear\u00f4 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 Ch\u00faa th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn th\u00ec nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

– \u00d4ng v\u00e0o \u2026 th\u1ea5y <\/em>(6): Sim\u00f4n Ph\u00ear\u00f4 \u201cth\u1ea5y\u201d: \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 theore\u00f4<\/em>, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1\u00a0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 Ch\u00faa th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

– kh\u0103n che \u0111\u1ea7u <\/em>(7): Soudarion<\/em> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>c\u00e1i kh\u0103n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd to h\u01a1n c\u00e1i kh\u0103n tay. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfc kh\u0103n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecdc l\u1ea5y c\u1eb1m v\u00e0 th\u1eaft l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 cho mi\u1ec7ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft kh\u1ecfi m\u1edf ra.<\/p>\n

– c\u00e1c b\u0103ng v\u1ea3i <\/em>(7): Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi Ladar\u00f4 (11,43), khi s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ai gi\u00fap c\u1ea3. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u201cb\u0103ng v\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 kh\u0103n che \u0111\u1ea7u x\u1ebfp ri\u00eang ra m\u1ed9t <\/em>n\u01a1i\u201d lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t <\/em>cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp thi h\u00e0i, b\u1edfi v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebb n\u00e0o l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u1ed9t tr\u1ea7n thi h\u00e0i ra.<\/p>\n

– \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tin<\/em> (8): \u201cTh\u1ea5y\u201d \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 horan<\/em>, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c tin. T\u1eeb c\u1ea5p \u201cth\u1ea5y th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u1eb7p m\u1eaft th\u1ec3 l\u00fd (blep\u00f4<\/em>, c. 5), ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi c\u1ea5p \u201cth\u1ea5y\u201d cao nh\u1ea5t (horan<\/em>) b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin. C\u00e2u v\u0103n h\u1eb3n cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u: \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y <\/em>(eiden<\/em>, aor c\u1ee7a horan<\/em>) = \u0111\u00e3 tin<\/em> (episteusen<\/em>, aor c\u1ee7a pisteu\u00f4<\/em>).<\/p>\n

4.- \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n v\u0103n<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mai t\u00e1ng. Ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 v\u00e0 thi h\u00e0i l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu tr\u1ea7n th\u1ebf. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 TM IV<\/em> quy chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn \u0111i t\u1eeb ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn thi h\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7, ch\u1eb7ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu l\u00e0 ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9; c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 quay h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c Ph\u1ee5c Sinh c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi: ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a\u00a0 Maria M\u00e1c\u0111ala \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf b\u00e0 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft th\u1eadt. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng loan b\u00e1o Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p, c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft trong Kinh Th\u00e1nh<\/em>. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111i t\u1eeb \u00fd th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i t\u1eeb n\u1ed7i kinh ng\u1ea1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i kinh ng\u1ea1c kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t <\/em>l\u00fac.<\/p>\n

*\u00a0 Th\u1eddi gian: S\u00e1ng s\u1edbm ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, Maria M\u00e1c\u0111ala ra m\u1ed9 (1-2)<\/em><\/p>\n

Trong c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n Tin M\u1eebng<\/em>, c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu, d\u00f9 nam hay n\u1eef, \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ecf ra k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng ng\u00e0y sa-b\u00e1t. Ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1 thi h\u00e0i \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu kh\u1ecfi th\u1eadp gi\u00e1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y sa-b\u00e1t (Ga<\/em> 19,31 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u0103n song song), c\u00f2n c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ch\u1ec9 \u0111i ra m\u1ed9t sau ng\u00e0y sa-b\u00e1t (Ga<\/em> 20,1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u0103n song song).<\/p>\n

L\u00fac t\u1ea3ng s\u00e1ng, Maria M\u00e1c\u0111ala \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i ra m\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu. Ch\u00fang ta t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi l\u00e0 v\u00ec sao b\u00e0 l\u1ea1i ra m\u1ed9 khi tr\u1eddi ch\u01b0a s\u00e1ng h\u1eb3n? \u2013 T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn ngay trong L\u1eddi T\u1ef1a (1,9), r\u1ed3i \u1edf 8,12 khi \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u201c\u00e1nh s\u00e1ng cho tr\u1ea7n gian\u201d, r\u1ed3i Giu\u0111a b\u1ecf Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0111i v\u00e0o b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i (13,30). \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00ec \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft, n\u00ean \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eaft. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea3ng s\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 xa xa cho bi\u1ebft \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu s\u1eafp s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 Maria M\u00e1c\u0111ala s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn n\u01a1i, b\u00e0 th\u1ea5y (blepei<\/em>) l\u00e0 t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u0103n kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u1eeda m\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec3m quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u00f3, b\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: b\u00e0 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng thi h\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang \u0111i kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed9. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd nh\u1ea5t, theo nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau ch\u00ed lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, khi \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t <\/em>ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf v\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng. M\u1ed9t thi h\u00e0i th\u00ec \u1edf th\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng: \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7t trong m\u1ed9, nay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u01b0a \u0111i.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c b\u1eadn t\u00e2m t\u00ecm bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00e3 mang x\u00e1c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu \u0111i v\u00e0 nay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, Maria \u0111i t\u00ecm Ph\u00ear\u00f4 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn. L\u1ed1i x\u1eed s\u1ef1 n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf b\u00e0 r\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu. Nh\u01b0ng trong khi b\u00e0 c\u00f2n b\u1eadn t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 thi h\u00e0i \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i r\u1ed3i. Kh\u1edfi \u0111i t\u1eeb ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1eb7p Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean n\u1ebbo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i qua. Hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9 l\u00e0 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng: Ph\u00ear\u00f4 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu \u0111\u1ed5i cho m\u1ed9t <\/em>t\u00ean m\u1edbi (1,42) v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd trong nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 (6,68-69; 13,6-10.35-38); ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 kia l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu (13,23-24; 18,15-16; 21,20-23).<\/p>\n

* H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh: Ph\u00ear\u00f4 v\u00e0 Gioan ra m\u1ed9 (3-10)<\/em><\/p>\n

Tin t\u1ee9c Maria M\u00e1c\u0111ala \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 h\u1ed1t ho\u1ea3ng. Ph\u00ear\u00f4 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 Ch\u00faa th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn mu\u1ed1n ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh \u0111i ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c, hai \u00f4ng ch\u1ea1y ra m\u1ed9. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ec3 l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a hai \u00f4ng \u0111an quy\u1ec7n v\u00e0o nhau v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng l\u00fac c\u00e0ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa \u0111i\u1ec1u Maria M\u00e1c\u0111ala \u0111\u00e3 quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n nghi\u00eang m\u00ecnh nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y (blepei<\/em>) nh\u1eefng b\u0103ng v\u1ea3i. Ph\u00ear\u00f4 \u0111i v\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9, th\u1ea5y (the\u00f4rei<\/em>) c\u00e1c b\u0103ng v\u1ea3i v\u00e0 kh\u0103n li\u1ec7m g\u1ea5p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 ri\u00eang ra m\u1ed9t <\/em>g\u00f3c. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec Ph\u00ear\u00f4 ghi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ee7a Maria: kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 cho r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta mang m\u1ed9t <\/em>thi h\u00e0i \u0111i m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i th\u00e1o g\u1ee1 c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m v\u1ea3i b\u1ecdc thi h\u00e0i ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u1ea5p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 ri\u00eang ra. G\u1ee1 m\u00ecnh kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m v\u1ea3i li\u1ec7m l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecdc thi h\u00e0nh trong c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m v\u1ea3i (x. 19,40). Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea9m li\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh v\u00f4 \u00edch r\u1ed3i. Ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 tr\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i v\u1ea3i cu\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec3 ri\u00eang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 cho bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 r\u1eddi b\u1ecf ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00ear\u00f4 ghi nh\u1eadn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 tin ch\u0103ng, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n kh\u00f4ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh minh nhi\u00ean. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 kia \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9 sau \u00f4ng, c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t <\/em>b\u01b0\u1edbc xa h\u01a1n: \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y (eiden<\/em>) v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tin (episteusen<\/em>) (c. 8). D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 TM IV<\/em> chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi Lc<\/em> 24,12 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 Ph\u00ear\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c b\u1edfi cu\u1ed9c thanh s\u00e1t ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 tr\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1ch ng\u00e0i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng Ph\u00ear\u00f4 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ee9c tin th\u00ec tinh t\u1ebf h\u01a1n l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Lc<\/em>. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 TM IV<\/em> kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 Ph\u00ear\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng tin. Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 Ch\u00faa th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn \u201c\u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tin\u201d. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a TM IV<\/em>, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n, t\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p th\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n v\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee9c \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc (\u201c\u00d4ng Ph\u00ear\u00f4 v\u00e0 m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 kia li\u1ec1n \u0111i ra [\u00earchonto<\/em>] m\u1ed9. C\u1ea3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng ch\u1ea1y [etrechon<\/em>]\u201d) v\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00e2u sau (\u201chai \u00f4ng ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u [\u00eadeisan<\/em>] Kinh Th\u00e1nh, r\u1eb1ng\u2026\u201d). Hai m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i ra m\u1ed9; nay ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t <\/em>ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1eddi m\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 Ch\u00faa th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn. So v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i Sim\u00f4n Ph\u00ear\u00f4 c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ee9c tin.<\/p>\n

D\u00f9 sao ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea5ng Ph\u1ee5c Sinh hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1edbi l\u00e0m cho d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n mang t\u00ednh h\u00e0m h\u1ed3 n\u1eefa v\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 tin v\u00e0o Ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u201cSau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0\u201d: L\u00e0m sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea3n nhi\u00ean tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 sau m\u1ed9t kinh nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf? R\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra. Sau m\u1ed9t kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c \u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u00ec gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. C\u00e1c \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng reo h\u00f2 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ca h\u00e1t: c\u00e1c \u00f4ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

+\u00a0K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/em><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0o \u201cl\u00fac t\u1ea3ng s\u00e1ng\u201d (20,1). Trong TM IV<\/em>, gi\u1edd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhau. V\u00e0o l\u00fac t\u1ea3ng s\u00e1ng, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u00ean b\u00e1o m\u1ed9t <\/em>s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eadn c\u0103n: \u0111\u00eam \u0111ang qua \u0111i, ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi r\u1ea1ng s\u00e1ng d\u1ea7n, c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt r\u00f5 n\u00e9t th\u00eam. Ai ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd th\u1ea5y m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ea7n k\u1ec1. M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00ean soi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00ean b\u00e1o n\u00ean s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf. C\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u00f2n \u0111ang \u1edf trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng tranh t\u1ed1i tranh s\u00e1ng, \u1edf trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 ti\u00ean b\u00e1o v\u00e0 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i. Ch\u1ec9 khi h\u1ecd g\u1eb7p \u0110\u1ea5ng Ph\u1ee5c Sinh, m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u1edbi m\u1ecdc l\u00ean cho h\u1ecd, m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 m\u1edbi n\u00ean s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf. \u0110\u00eam \u0111en v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i, c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m \u0111au, s\u1ef1 b\u1ea7n kh\u1ed1n v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea5ng Ph\u1ee5c Sinh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vinh quang c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi, chi\u1ebfu r\u1ecdi.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n thi h\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu trong m\u1ed9 n\u1eefa. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c sinh: B\u1edfi v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra x\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbp c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu hay m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i v\u1ebft t\u00edch, v\u00e0i m\u1ea3nh r\u01a1i r\u1edbt c\u1ee7a thi h\u00e0i, m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 Ph\u1ee5c Sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1edfi v\u00ec Ph\u1ee5c Sinh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u00eang li\u00eang n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 t\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n h\u1ed3n, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 Ph\u1ee5c Sinh \u0111\u1eb7t d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n l\u00ean tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi: th\u00e2n x\u00e1c v\u00e0 linh h\u1ed3n, v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u1eady kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u Ph\u1ee5c Sinh ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i sinh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft nh\u01b0 ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p Ladar\u00f4, v\u00ec sau n\u00e0y \u00f4ng c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft. S\u1ef1 Ph\u1ee5c Sinh l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng b\u00ean kia c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, sang m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu.<\/p>\n

5.- G\u1ee3i \u00fd suy ni\u1ec7m<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, c\u00f3 l\u1eafm phen ch\u00fang ta n\u1ebfm c\u1ea3m nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn, ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n bu\u00f4ng xu\u00f4i, y nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t <\/em>t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 ni\u00eam phong l\u1ea1i, ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f2n g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 hy v\u1ecdng, ngo\u00e0i m\u1ed9t <\/em>ni\u1ec1m nu\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc kh\u00f4n ngu\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0ng \u201ct\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 l\u0103n ra kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed9\u201d! Ch\u00ednh Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 l\u0103n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 ra kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu, th\u00ec Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng l\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 \u0111ang ch\u1eafn cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i, mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1eebng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00e1m c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

2. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 TM IV<\/em> vi\u1ebft: \u201c\u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tin\u201d. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>l\u1eddi ch\u1ee9ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>l\u1eddi th\u00fa nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n m\u1ed1i ph\u00fac \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1: \u201cPh\u00fac thay k\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y m\u00e0 tin\u201d (20,29). Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ee9c Maria, Th\u00e2n M\u1eabu \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu, m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee9c tin \u1ea5y: t\u1ea1i Cana, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu l\u00e0m ph\u00e9p l\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, M\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 tin c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u00ean m\u1edbi cho Con bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ti\u1ec7c h\u1ebft r\u01b0\u1ee3u. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt, tin kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>chuy\u1ec7n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng hay d\u1ec5 d\u00e3i, tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn ngh\u0129.<\/p>\n

3. C\u00e1c t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ecbu ch\u1ebft, \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng; nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i. Ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu h\u00f4m nay c\u0169ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 Ph\u1ee5c Sinh. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 Ph\u1ee5c Sinh, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 Ph\u1ee5c Sinh trong \u0111\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u0111ang l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111ang tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng, ch\u1ee9 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m cho s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

4. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 hai m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1edb v\u00e0 tin nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00f3 v\u00e0 Ph\u1ee5c Sinh c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00e1c \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean n\u1ebbo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi m\u1ed9, \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi c\u00f5i ch\u1ebft, \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng, trong khi Th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 nay \u0111\u00e3 \u201cl\u00ean c\u00f9ng Cha c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 Cha c\u1ee7a anh em, l\u00ean c\u00f9ng Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa c\u1ee7a anh em\u201d (20,17). Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a hai \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc qu\u00fd cho ch\u00fang ta h\u00f4m nay, v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u1ea5y.\u00a0<\/p>\n

5. Trong m\u1ed9t B\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n cho th\u00e1nh Gioan Kim Kh\u1ea9u (? 345-407), c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n: \u201cXin \u0111\u1eebng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ai bu\u1ed3n s\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, b\u1edfi v\u00ec V\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7n ra cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi; xin \u0111\u1eebng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ai than th\u1edf v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u01a1n tha th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00e0o v\u1ecdt ra t\u1eeb ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9; xin \u0111\u1eebng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ai s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea5ng C\u1ee9u th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t ch\u00fang ta. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, \u0110\u1ea5ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 b\u00f3p ngh\u1eb9t, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t h\u1ecfa ng\u1ee5c, \u0110\u1ea5ng \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng \u00e2m ph\u1ee7\u2026<\/p>\n

Isaia \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00ean b\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi n\u00f3i: \u00ab\u00a0V\u00ec ng\u01b0\u01a1i, \u00e2m ph\u1ee7 d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1ef1c s\u00e2u c\u0169ng rung \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ra \u0111\u00f3n ng\u01b0\u01a1i v\u00e0o\u201d (14,9). \u00c2m ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eadp tr\u00e0n cay \u0111\u1eafng…, v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh ng\u00e3; b\u1ecb s\u1ec9 nh\u1ee5c, v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft; b\u1ecb qu\u1ef5 ng\u00e3, v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc nhan Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa; n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p tr\u1eddi; n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft l\u1ea5y c\u00e1i g\u00ec n\u00f3 th\u1ea5y, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e9 ng\u00e3 v\u00ec \u0110\u1ea5ng V\u00f4 H\u00ecnh. \u201cH\u1ee1i t\u1eed th\u1ea7n, \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 n\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi? H\u1ee1i t\u1eed th\u1ea7n, \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u01a1i?\u201d (1 Cr<\/em> 15,55). Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i! Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ma qu\u1ef7 \u0111\u00e3 ng\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng! Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u00ean th\u1ea7n h\u00e2n hoan vui m\u1eebng! Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec3n tr\u1ecb! Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n k\u1ebb ch\u1ebft trong m\u1ed3 n\u1eefa, b\u1edfi v\u00ec Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb k\u1ebb ch\u1ebft, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh hoa qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ai \u0111\u00e3 an gi\u1ea5c. Vinh quang v\u00e0 uy quy\u1ec1n thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn mu\u00f4n thu\u1edf mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi. Amen\u201d.<\/p>\n

Lm PX V\u0169 Phan Long, ofm<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n[4]<\/a>[1] Xem c\u00e1ch l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a R.E. Brown, The Gospel according to John<\/em>, I, xciii-xcviii.
\n[5]<\/a>[2] J.A. Grassi, The Secret Identity. <\/em>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem ch. 13, t\u1eeb trang 115.
\n[6]<\/a>[3] D\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ai, r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Ga<\/em> 21 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a 2 Ga<\/em> v\u00e0 3 Ga<\/em>. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t b\u00e0n tay t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u1edf 3 Ga<\/em> 12; Ga<\/em> 19,35 v\u00e0 Ga<\/em> 21,24 (x. 15,27: \u201canh em\u201d).<\/p>\n

<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n

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(Gioan 20,1-9 \u2013 CN PH\u1ee4C SINH – Ban ng\u00e0y) Trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, c\u00f3 l\u1eafm phen ch\u00fang ta n\u1ebfm c\u1ea3m nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn, ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n bu\u00f4ng xu\u00f4i, y nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 ni\u00eam phong l\u1ea1i, ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f2n g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 hy v\u1ecdng, ngo\u00e0i m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m nu\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc kh\u00f4n ngu\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0ng … [Read more…]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,4],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"entry","1":"post","2":"publish","3":"author-tranquang","4":"post-1938","6":"format-standard","7":"category-phung-vu","8":"category-thanh-kinh"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1938","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1938"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1938\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11172,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1938\/revisions\/11172"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1938"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1938"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1938"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}