{"id":4356,"date":"2023-10-11T21:46:39","date_gmt":"2023-10-11T15:46:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/?p=4356"},"modified":"2023-06-18T19:13:53","modified_gmt":"2023-06-18T13:13:53","slug":"d%e1%bb%a5-ngon-ti%e1%bb%87c-c%c6%b0%e1%bb%9bi-hoang-gia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/d%e1%bb%a5-ngon-ti%e1%bb%87c-c%c6%b0%e1%bb%9bi-hoang-gia\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u1ee5 Ng\u00f4n Ti\u1ec7c C\u01b0\u1edbi Ho\u00e0ng Gia"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

(M\u00e1tth\u00eau 22,1-14 \u2013 CN XXVIII TN – A)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng kh\u00f4ng n\u00e0y.\u00a0<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

1.- Ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u1ea3 ba d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp nhau \u2013 Hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi con<\/em> (21,28-32), Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 v\u01b0\u1eddn nho<\/em> (21,33-46) v\u00e0 Ti\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u1edbi ho\u00e0ng gia<\/em> (22,1-14) \u2013 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef3 m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a D\u00e2n (x. 21,23) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u mang m\u1ed9t <\/em>s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng nhau. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n n\u00e0y, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t <\/em>l\u1eddi khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, nghi\u00eam t\u00fac, m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd m\u1edf m\u1eaft ra \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. C\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef3 m\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea1y theo \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n cho k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eadt ra c\u00e1c d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1eddi khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0nh cho gi\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Do Th\u00e1i gi\u00e1o, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn cho th\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi. Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa kh\u00f4ng \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c; Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ecf v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i ch\u00fang ta t\u1ef1 do quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi \u0111i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong v\u01b0\u1eddn nho c\u1ee7a cha; nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 v\u01b0\u1eddn nho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf giao n\u1ed9p hoa l\u1ee3i thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7; nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u1edbi. Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t <\/em>ai b\u1ecb b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed s\u1ef1 theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o c\u1ea3. Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n r\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi m\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

2.- B\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n v\u0103n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n

1) M\u1edf (22,1);<\/p>\n

2) D\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n Ti\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i (22,2-7);<\/p>\n

3) D\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n Ti\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng (22,8-13):<\/p>\n

a) M\u1eddi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi (cc. 8-10),<\/p>\n

b) V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1o c\u01b0\u1edbi (cc. 11-13);<\/p>\n

4) K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: L\u1eddi b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu (22,14).<\/p>\n

3.- V\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i<\/strong><\/p>\n

– m\u1edf ti\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u1edbi cho con m\u00ecnh <\/em>(1): H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c thi\u00ean sai c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u01b0\u1ee3n t\u1eeb C\u1ef1u \u01af\u1edbc<\/em> (Is<\/em> 25,6; 55,1-3). N\u00f3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 t\u00ednh nh\u01b0ng-kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u01a1n c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa ban t\u1eb7ng cho D\u00e2n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

– nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ebfn<\/em> (3): D\u1ecbch s\u00e1t l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebfn\u201d. Mt<\/em> d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u201cmu\u1ed1n\u201d (thel\u00f4<\/em>), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>\u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb ng\u00e0i \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng (x. 11,14; 16,24; 18,30; 19,17; 23,27b) \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t <\/em>quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

– V\u1eady c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111i ra <\/em>(9): C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh poreuesthe<\/em> (c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i h\u00e3y \u0111i) \u00a0oun<\/em> (v\u1eady) khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eeb poreuthentes oun<\/em> c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh \u1edf Mt<\/em> 28,19, khi \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu sai ph\u00e1i c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi D\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i (\u201cmu\u00f4n d\u00e2n\u201d).<\/p>\n

– c\u00e1c ng\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng <\/em>(9): T\u1eeb diexodos<\/em> thu\u1ed9c B\u1ea3n LXX c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u hay l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn, ph\u1ea7n xa nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t. V\u1eady d\u1ecbch diexodoi t\u00f4n [h]od\u00f4n<\/em> l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00e1c ng\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ([h]odos<\/em>) b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u hay k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1edb \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u1ecfa ra kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn bi\u00ean c\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

– b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn x\u1ea5u t\u1ed1t <\/em>(10): Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cx\u1ea5u\u201d n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i, m\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00eau g\u1ecdi nh\u01b0ng-kh\u00f4ng, s\u1ebd s\u1eeda m\u00ecnh khi \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o trong V\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c trong H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh; m\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ea5u theo ngh\u0129a tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, s\u1ebd b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb\u00a0 ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 kh\u1ecfi V\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u1ed1c (ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ecfi H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh). C\u00e1c c\u00e2u 11-14 hi\u1ec3u theo ngh\u0129a th\u1ee9 hai n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

– quan s\u00e1t<\/em> (11): \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb theaomai <\/em>c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u00ecn xem; chi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng; quan s\u00e1t\u201d. B\u00ean \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ed3i \u0103n chung v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch m\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t <\/em>l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00e0o c\u00e1ch quan kh\u00e1ch. Ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n g\u1ed3m cc. 11-13 h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u0103n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh (trong khi cc. 1-10 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e2n Do Th\u00e1i), nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa m\u1ed9t <\/em>l\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch qu\u00e1 t\u1ef1 do cc. 1-10. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt, vi\u1ec7c \u0111i v\u00e0o H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n nh\u01b0ng-kh\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00ean r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Vua! \u0110\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u01a1n, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng theo chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a \u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

– kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 y ph\u1ee5c l\u1ec5 c\u01b0\u1edbi <\/em>(12): V\u00e0o th\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng C\u1ed5, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch m\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i m\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 y ph\u1ee5c ri\u00eang cho ti\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u1edbi; ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 y ph\u1ee5c s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, trang tr\u1ecdng, l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u201cy ph\u1ee5c l\u1ec5 c\u01b0\u1edbi\u201d khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn ngh\u0129a \u1ea9n d\u1ee5. C\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u201cy ph\u1ee5c l\u1ec5 c\u01b0\u1edbi\u201d (endyma gamou<\/em>) n\u00e0y h\u1eb3n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 v\u01b0\u1eddn nho n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c hoa tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a V\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u1ed1c, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f2a ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u201cs\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh\u201d th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c TM<\/em> Mt<\/em> n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn (ch. 5\u20137: 5,20; 6,33\u2026). Xem th\u00eam: Is<\/em> 61,10; Ep<\/em> 4,24; Gl<\/em> 3,27; Kh<\/em> 19,6-8; 7,9-17.<\/p>\n

– k\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u, m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn th\u00ec \u00edt<\/em> (14): Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef H\u00edp-ri kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c t\u00ednh t\u1eeb \u1edf d\u1ea1ng so s\u00e1nh (comparative: better; more) hay t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea5p (superlative: best; most); do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3u n\u00f3i quanh (paraphrases). Ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh th\u00ec m\u1edbi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u0129a so s\u00e1nh n\u1eb1m \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi. Xem Mc<\/em> 9,42; Mt<\/em> 22,36; 26,24; Lc<\/em> 10,42; 18,14\u2026<\/p>\n

4.- \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n v\u0103n<\/strong><\/p>\n

*\u00a0 M\u1edf (1)<\/em><\/p>\n

D\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1ecf v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn (\u201ch\u1ecd\u201d = \u201cc\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Pharis\u00eau\u201d, x. 21,45), nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh l\u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i, khi t\u1eeb kh\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u00e2u 2-13. C\u00e2u 14 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ec3, t\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu. Sau l\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u1edf c. 2, d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai th\u00e0nh hai ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n, cc. 3-7 v\u00e0 cc. 8-13. M\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e0 vua sai c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1edb \u0111i m\u1eddi kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u1edbi. L\u1ea7n m\u1eddi th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i; l\u1ea7n m\u1eddi th\u1ee9 hai th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1u k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t tai h\u1ecda. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, tai h\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed5 xu\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi; trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9 hai, tai ho\u1ea1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed5 xu\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1ch.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ta th\u1ea5y d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n n\u00e0y v\u00e0 d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1ed1ng nhau. M\u1ed9t b\u00ean, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u01b0\u1eddn nho, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>v\u1ecb vua. \u00d4ng ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 sai \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1edb hai l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u01b0\u1eddn nho \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn hoa l\u1ee3i; \u0111\u1ee9c vua sai c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1edb hai l\u1ea7n \u0111i m\u1eddi kh\u00e1ch t\u1edbi d\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7c. Trong c\u1ea3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, c\u00e1c t\u00f4i t\u1edb \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u00ec nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1eb7p t\u1ecf ra x\u1ea5u xa. Trong c\u1ea3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t <\/em>\u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi con [trai]\u201d. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m song song \u0111\u00f3 cho hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng hai c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t <\/em>s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 nhau. \u00d4ng ch\u1ee7 v\u01b0\u1eddn nho v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c vua ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Cha tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi; ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 g\u1ecdi m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi Con\u201d (11,27). C\u00e1c t\u00f4i t\u1edb ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n s\u1ee9. C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 D\u00e2n b\u1ea5t trung c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa.<\/p>\n

Trong d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n Ti\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u1edbi, nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt duy nh\u1ea5t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 vua. Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t minh \u00f4ng n\u00f3i, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i. Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb cc. 5-6 v\u00e0 c. 10, truy\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua.<\/p>\n

* D\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n Ti\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i (2-7)<\/em><\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, hai d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 v\u01b0\u1eddn nho, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh; \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>l\u1eddi m\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t <\/em>vinh d\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 cho m\u1ed9t <\/em>ai \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111i\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u00f4ng, b\u00ean kia l\u00e0 v\u1ecb vua qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i, mu\u1ed1n m\u1eddi t\u1ed1i \u0111a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00f4ng ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o ni\u1ec1m vui c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y c\u01b0\u1edbi ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau n\u00e0y, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u1ebfu quan t\u00e2m c\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1ng tr\u00e1ch h\u01a1n, v\u00ec \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n chuy\u1ec7n vi ph\u1ea1m m\u1ed9t <\/em>quy\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ebfn danh d\u1ef1. \u0110\u00e3 th\u1ebf, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u1ebfu quan t\u00e2m c\u00f2n tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 c\u0103m th\u00f9 ch\u1eb3ng hi\u1ec3u v\u00ec sao. Ngay \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n tr\u01b0\u1edbc: \u201cKhi \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 v\u01b0\u1eddn nho \u0111\u1ebfn, \u00f4ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m g\u00ec b\u1ecdn t\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1n kia?\u201d (21,40). C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>\u0111e d\u1ecda, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u1eeb d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n kia sang d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t <\/em>s\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7m ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi\u201d (kekl\u00eamenous<\/em>) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o tin v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n h\u1eefu, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan th\u00e2n t\u00ecnh v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 vua. Vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e0 vua sai \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 m\u1eddi th\u00fac b\u00e1ch\u00a0 (c. 4) cho th\u1ea5y c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i. Th\u1ebf m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 vua ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t <\/em>s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb kh\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t (\u201ckh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebfn\u201d, c. 3). C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c th\u00e2m s\u00e2u l\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, nh\u1eefng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t (ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a Mt<\/em>: x. 8,18-22; 19,21). D\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, qua vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e0 vua sai c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1edb l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u (c. 3), \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n s\u1ee9 trong C\u1ef1u \u01af\u1edbc; qua l\u1ea7n sai ph\u00e1i th\u1ee9 hai (cc. 4-6), h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1eeba sai (x. 21,34.36). C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft Israel th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1eed t\u1ec7 v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n s\u1ee9 (x. 23,34-35). C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi, tho\u1ea1t ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 s\u1ebd ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Pharis\u00eau, v\u00ec c\u00e1c d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i cho h\u1ecd. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi gi\u1edbi l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ea1o Do Th\u00e1i, b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 Israel (x. 10,5-6.23).<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 6 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t: \u0111i t\u1eeb \u201ck\u1ebb th\u00ec \u2026 , ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec \u2026\u201d (hos men \u2026 hos de<\/em>), ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i \u201cc\u00f2n nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c\u201d (hoi de loipoi<\/em>), nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed9i \u00e1c (gi\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1edb). Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 quen v\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Do Th\u00e1i, th\u00ec hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng du ng\u00f4n \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u00e1ch h\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i Israel (10,16-23) c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n s\u1ee9 C\u1ef1u \u01af\u1edbc c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft b\u1edb tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i (5,12; 21,35-36). Nh\u01b0ng c. 7 th\u00ec th\u1eadt l\u1ea1, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 quen v\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Do Th\u00e1i. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ed7 b\u00e0n, b\u00f2 t\u01a1, th\u00fa b\u00e1o n\u1eefa. Nh\u00e0 vua l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t s\u1edbm m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u. D\u00f9 sao, t\u1eeb t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u01a1n c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9, v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u01a1n gi\u1eadn Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi. H\u1ecd b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng\u201d (c.\u00a0 8) kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t\u00a0 hay s\u1ef1 ngu d\u1ed1t n\u00e0o t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng do h\u1ecd t\u1eeb kh\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c vua \u0111\u00e3 huy \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n l\u00ednh \u0111i \u201ctru di\u1ec7t b\u1ecdn s\u00e1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 thi\u00eau h\u1ee7y th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang\u201d (c. 7). C\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ecdn s\u00e1t nh\u00e2n\u201d. T\u1ea1i sao s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf n\u00ean gia tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u1ea5y? D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ngay trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u01a1i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 c\u01b0\u1edbi. C\u00e1c k\u1ebb s\u00e1t nh\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi th\u00f4i. Ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ebd m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1ch m\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng x\u1eed nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb s\u00e1t nh\u00e2n? \u0110\u00e0ng n\u00e0y, c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh b\u1ecb thi\u00eau h\u1ee7y, h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i. N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n cho h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c m\u1eddi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u1eafc m\u1eafc n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn ta ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng cc. 6-7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c l\u00f5ng. R\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111ang ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 Gi\u00earusalem \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 70. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y m\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec sao t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 g\u00e1n m\u1ed9t <\/em>t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho chuy\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c thi\u00eau h\u1ee7y th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb s\u00e1t nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o c\u1edb cho t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 vi\u1ebft d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u1ee3 l\u00e0m v\u01b0\u1eddn nho \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi con sau khi b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c v\u1edbi nhau (21,38-39). Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Mt<\/em> kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng trung th\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t cho ng\u00e0i, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p cho ch\u00fang ta c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c l\u1eddi n\u00e0y cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n ti\u00ean kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh. Hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi nhau. Ch\u1ec9 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn m\u00f3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00faa Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n linh h\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ta tin nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

* D\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n Ti\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng (8-13)<\/em><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m hai truy\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo (cc. 8-10 v\u00e0 11-13). C\u00e2u truy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u1edf c. 10. Ch\u00ednh c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u201cx\u1ea5u v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t\u201d \u1edf c. 10 khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u truy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n

B\u00e2y gi\u1edd c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1edb c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ng\u1ecf l\u1eddi m\u1eddi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai h\u1ecd g\u1eb7p tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafp c\u00f9ng b\u1edd c\u00f5i v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c (diexodoi t\u00f4n [h]od\u00f4n<\/em>) v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng ti\u1ec7c. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Mt<\/em> kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3, t\u00e0n t\u1eadt, \u0111ui m\u00f9, qu\u00e8 qu\u1eb7t\u201d nh\u01b0 Lc<\/em> 14,21, v\u00ec hi\u1ec3u ch\u1eef \u201ct\u1ea5t c\u1ea3\u201d (\u201cm\u1eddi h\u1ebft v\u00e0o\u201d) theo ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c: k\u1ebb x\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi. L\u1ea7n m\u1eddi n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng ti\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7y m\u1ed9t <\/em>kh\u1ed1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111a t\u1ea1p. S\u1ef1 \u0111a t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng do kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 y ph\u1ee5c, v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hay v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t b\u00ean trong, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu, gi\u1eefa \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t (c. 10). Ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu kh\u1edfi \u0111i t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111ang ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi. L\u1eddi m\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1ecf v\u1edbi d\u00e2n Israel, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn; th\u1ebf l\u00e0 l\u1eddi m\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t <\/em>d\u00e2n m\u1edbi, D\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>d\u00e2n g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111a t\u1ea1p g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t. Ta g\u1eb7p th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 hai h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y trong H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh, nh\u01b0 c\u1ecf l\u00f9ng gi\u1eefa l\u00faa t\u1ed1t (13,28; x. d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n Chi\u1ebfc l\u01b0\u1edbi: 13,47-50). D\u00f9 sao, ph\u00f2ng ti\u1ec7c c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7y v\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do \u0111i v\u00e0o. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y, b\u00e0i d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u201cc\u00f3 h\u1eadu\u201d. B\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t <\/em>cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh: l\u1eddi m\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o l\u1ec5 c\u01b0\u1edbi. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t <\/em>cu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t: ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1ch c\u1ecf l\u00f9ng kh\u1ecfi l\u00faa t\u1ed1t. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 hai (cc. 11-13).<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y khung c\u1ea3nh v\u1eabn l\u00e0 b\u1eefc ti\u1ec7c, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u1ea1i xo\u00e1y v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o c\u01b0\u1edbi. \u00d4ng ch\u1ee7 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ecb vua tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y n\u1eefa. \u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u00eau \u0111\u00e3i m\u1ed9t b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c linh \u0111\u00ecnh n\u1eefa, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cquan s\u00e1t\u201d (theasasthai<\/em>; x. 2 V<\/em> 9,18) c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch d\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7c. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u201cy ph\u1ee5c l\u1ec5 c\u01b0\u1edbi\u201d (endyma gamou<\/em>). Nh\u00e0 vua g\u1ecdi anh ta l\u00e0 \u201cn\u00e0y b\u1ea1n\u201d (hetairos<\/em>), nh\u01b0ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn, kh\u00f4ng khoan nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng. D\u0129 nhi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi l\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u00e1o c\u01b0\u1edbi (v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c th\u00ec l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n \u00e1o c\u01b0\u1edbi!) khi m\u00e0 anh ta b\u1ecb m\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng tr\u1eafng tr\u1ee3n! Ch\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u00e2y \u201cs\u1ed1c\u201d n\u00e0y cho hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t <\/em>c\u00e1i \u00e1o theo ngh\u0129a c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch n\u00e0y b\u1edfi v\u00ec d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 ghi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 trong ph\u00f2ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebb x\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00e1o c\u01b0\u1edbi thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 h\u1ea1ng k\u1ebb x\u1ea5u. C\u0169ng ch\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y m\u1edbi gi\u00fap hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu: kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111u\u1ed5i ra ngo\u00e0i, nh\u01b0ng \u201cqu\u0103ng ra ch\u1ed7 t\u1ed1i t\u0103m\u201d (x. 8,12; 25,30), n\u01a1i s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u201ckh\u00f3c l\u00f3c nghi\u1ebfn r\u0103ng\u201d (x. 8,12; 13,42.50; 24,51; 25,30), t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y b\u1ecb ti\u00eau vong. S\u1ef1 \u201cc\u00e2m mi\u1ec7ng\u201d c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1ch n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf l\u1eddi tr\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vinh d\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn; h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00f4 thi\u1ec3n, kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

B\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh N\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u00ean sai; chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho c\u00e1c t\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3. Trong B\u00e0i Gi\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean n\u00fai, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t <\/em>\u201cs\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o h\u01a1n\u201d (x. 5,20); \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n m\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eddi m\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. Con s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00eau g\u1ecdi th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 cho \u0111i v\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef lu\u1eadt M\u00f4s\u00ea, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu c\u1eaft b\u00ec. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m; \u0111i v\u00e0o trong s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i v\u00e0o trong N\u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 l\u00fac t\u1eadn th\u1ebf. Ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ni\u1ec1m c\u1eady tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y t\u00edn th\u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u00f3 th\u00e1c v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5, t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u01a1n c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

* K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn (14)<\/em><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu. C\u00e2u n\u00e0y, \u201cV\u00ec k\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u, m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn th\u00ec \u00edt\u201d, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch theo hai c\u00e1ch. C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t cho r\u1eb1ng \u201cnh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn\u201d \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t <\/em>\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng g\u1ea7n k\u1ec1 h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eady d\u1ef1a nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb bi th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd. D\u0129 nhi\u00ean con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u00edt, c\u00f2n \u0111a s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 nh\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t <\/em>\u01a1n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 hai, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i th\u1eddi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 th\u00f4i: t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi v\u00e0o N\u01b0\u1edbc Tr\u1eddi theo ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tin v\u00e0o Ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb kh\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i v\u00e0o N\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5y khi lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea5ng M\u00easia.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea3 hai c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n. C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1ch b\u1ea5t x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb qu\u0103ng ra ngo\u00e0i b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e9n \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t <\/em>nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u tuy\u1ec3n; nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea3n v\u0103n n\u00f3i r\u00f5 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1edfi v\u00ec thi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ef1 \u0111oan trang c\u1ee7a b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c. C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 hai c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecfa \u0111\u00e1ng. B\u1edfi v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1ch b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m th\u1ee9 hai, n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i; th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0o l\u00fac lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn. \u0110\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c, hi\u1ec3u s\u00e1t b\u1ea3n v\u0103n, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y c\u00e2u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n: tr\u00ean con s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch d\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7c, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t x\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb; l\u00e0m sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t <\/em>s\u1ed1 \u201c\u00edt\u201d (nh\u1ecf) nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn?<\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t n\u1eb1m \u1edf b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc (philologie): \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 hai c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c so s\u00e1nh theo ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef S\u00ea-m\u00edt \u1edf th\u1ec3 ng\u1ea7m, m\u00e0 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch ra nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cNh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u [h\u01a1n], nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn th\u00ec \u00edt h\u01a1n\u201d. Hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh: con s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi th\u00ec r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb kh\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn th\u00ec \u00edt h\u01a1n. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd m\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 cho vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n (x. Lc<\/em> 13.22-24 trong chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y).<\/p>\n

+ K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n v\u0103n c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i: T\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 minh h\u1ecda l\u1eddi rao gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu, d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t <\/em>minh h\u1ecda \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh. \u0110\u00e3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn Tin M\u1eebng, t\u1eeb ph\u00eda \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1eeb ph\u00eda c\u00e1c t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3. V\u1eady m\u00e0 h\u1ecd v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng tin: th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng tin n\u00e0y qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa quan ph\u00f2ng. V\u00e0o l\u00fac t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Tin M\u1eebng vi\u1ebft, th\u00ec H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e3 quy t\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i n\u01a1i b\u00e0n ti\u1ec7c th\u1ee9 hai r\u1ed3i. C\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch d\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n trong y ph\u1ee5c ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ec1 v\u00ec b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o v\u1ecb th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ecd kh\u1ecfi ph\u00f2ng ti\u1ec7c v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 d\u00e2n Do Th\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecf ra b\u1ea5t x\u1ee9ng khi t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i l\u1eddi m\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi m\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa k\u00eau g\u1ecdi v\u00e0 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i ch\u00fang ta t\u1ef1 do quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u1eabn c\u1ee9 nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\u00a0<\/p>\n

5.- G\u1ee3i \u00fd suy ni\u1ec7m<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa k\u00eau g\u1ecdi qua trung gian c\u00e1c t\u00f4i t\u1edb, s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. T\u1eeb ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y, ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat ra nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 sai l\u1ea1c. Ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho r\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/em>\u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng, r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f9y nghi \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb kh\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t <\/em>t\u1ef1 do kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a m\u00e0 c\u00f2n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a, r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u cho th\u1ea5y Ng\u00e0i y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i v\u00e0 d\u1eedng d\u01b0ng. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng k\u00eau g\u1ecdi v\u00e0 m\u1eddi m\u1ecdc; con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ef1 do. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i, Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. Ai t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong v\u01b0\u1eddn nho s\u1ebd b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i kh\u1ecfi N\u01b0\u1edbc Tr\u1eddi (x. 21,31). Ai kh\u00f4ng giao n\u1ed9p c\u00e1c hoa l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a v\u01b0\u1eddn nho v\u00e0 x\u1eed t\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00f4i t\u1edb c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1eddn nho v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu m\u1ed9t <\/em>k\u1ebft th\u00fac th\u1ea3m th\u01b0\u01a1ng (21,41). Ai kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi m\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7c, s\u1ebd b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb (22,8).<\/p>\n

2. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a t\u1ef1 do, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ef1 do n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 do x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00fang, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch do Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng kh\u00f4ng n\u00e0y. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u00fd th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng x\u1eed s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch phi l\u00fd, khi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa.<\/p>\n

3. B\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 khi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ec7c Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ee3i ra nh\u1eefng b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c agap\u00ea v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean trong\u00a0 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh. \u201cC\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1edb\u201d (douloi<\/em>) c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5c d\u1ecbch\u201d (diakonoi<\/em>); t\u1eeb ng\u1eef diakonoi<\/em> khi\u1ebfn ta ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u1eeba t\u00e1c vi\u00ean trong c\u00e1c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5. \u00c1o c\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00eau b\u1eadt t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n b\u00e0n ti\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa.<\/p>\n

4. Trong c\u00e1c d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n C\u1ecf l\u00f9ng v\u00e0 L\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1 (13,37-43.49-50), \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u00f5 r\u1eb1n H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 pha tr\u1ed9n l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u201cth\u1eeda ru\u1ed9ng\u201d c\u1ee7a Con Ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1eebng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u201cnh\u1eefng k\u1ebb x\u1ea5u\u201d \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 y ph\u1ee5c l\u1ec5 c\u01b0\u1edbi. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n b\u1ecb c\u1eadt v\u1ea5n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1ebd, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00e2y d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

5. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t <\/em>\u00e1o tr\u1eafng, v\u00e0 v\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 l\u1ec5 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00fac ch\u00fang ta gi\u1eef cho n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh tuy\u1ec1n cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y Ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m hoen \u1ed1 b\u1ed9 \u00e1o r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f2a c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb bi th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t, \u0111o l\u00e0 b\u00ed t\u00edch h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu l\u1ea1i gi\u1eb7t s\u1ea1ch b\u1ed9 \u00e1o c\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i m\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o tham d\u1ef1 b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c v\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi, trong ni\u1ec1m vui c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh th\u00e2n m\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u201ct\u1edbi n\u01a1i\u201d, c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eebng ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n ai. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec ta \u0111ang \u201c\u1edf trong\u201d m\u00e0 ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n x\u00e9t \u0111o\u00e1n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201c\u1edf ngo\u00e0i\u201d, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft m\u00e0 \u0111i v\u00e0o, ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb kh\u01b0\u1edbc. Cho d\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u1edf trong H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh hay N\u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi\u201d, do \u00e2n hu\u1ec7 nh\u01b0ng-kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Lm PX V\u0169 Phan Long, ofm<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(M\u00e1tth\u00eau 22,1-14 \u2013 CN XXVIII TN – A) Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng kh\u00f4ng n\u00e0y.\u00a0 1.- Ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh C\u1ea3 ba d\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp nhau \u2013 Hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi con (21,28-32), … [Read more…]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,4],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"entry","1":"post","2":"publish","3":"author-tranquang","4":"post-4356","6":"format-standard","7":"category-suy-niem-loi-chua","8":"category-thanh-kinh"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4356","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4356"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4356\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11622,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4356\/revisions\/11622"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4356"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4356"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4356"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}