C\u00e1c T\u00edn \u00d0i\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9<\/strong><\/p>\n T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh mu\u1ed1n ch\u00fang ta tin v\u1ec1 \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec1u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o \u00d0\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho ph\u1ea7n r\u1ed7i ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00fang ta t\u00f4n k\u00ednh M\u1eb9 Maria, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec M\u1eb9 l\u00e0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa mu\u1ed1n ch\u00fang ta k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng M\u1eb9 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 Ch\u00faa d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ban ngu\u1ed3n \u01a1n c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9, l\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4, cho ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu mu\u1ed1n ch\u00fang ta t\u00f4n k\u00ednh M\u1eb9 v\u00ec M\u1eb9 l\u00e0 M\u1eb9 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 M\u1eb9 ch\u00fang ta. M\u1eb9 l\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng khi\u00eam nh\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 v\u00e2ng l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9 l\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng cho ch\u00fang ta noi theo. H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh nh\u00ecn l\u00ean M\u1eb9 v\u00ec H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ee9 v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9 l\u00e0 \u0111em Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu \u0111\u1ebfn cho th\u1ebf gian v\u00e0 ban s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng cho chi th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7m th\u1ec3 Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu. H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o m\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Tin L\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft t\u1ed9i. \u00d0\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0o b\u1ed1n T\u00edn \u00d0i\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y trong H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u00e1c T\u00f4ng \u00d0\u1ed3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f3m t\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng Kinh K\u00ednh M\u1eb9 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa C\u1ef1c Th\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Ephraem x\u1ee9 Syria (n\u0103m 306-373).<\/p>\n \u00d4i l\u1ea1y \u00d0\u1ee9c N\u1eef \u00d0\u1ed3ng Trinh, M\u1eb9 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa Tinh Tuy\u1ec1n, \u00d0\u1ee9c N\u1eef r\u1ea5t vinh quang, r\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb, cao sang h\u01a1n thi\u00ean \u0111\u00e0ng, trong tr\u1eafng h\u01a1n \u00e1nh quang m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, h\u01a1n c\u00e1c tia s\u00e1ng… M\u1eb9 c\u01b0u mang Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 Ng\u00f4i L\u1eddi theo nh\u00e2n t\u00ednh, m\u00e0 v\u1eabn gi\u1eef tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed3ng trinh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi sanh con, v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trinh n\u1eef sau khi sanh con<\/em>.<\/p>\n 1. Maria, M\u1eb9 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n T\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng \u00d0\u1ed3, c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u0111\u00e3 tin r\u1eb1ng \u00d0\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4 l\u00e0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa Nh\u1eadp Th\u1ec3. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 Ng\u00f4i Hai Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u1edbi hai b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh. Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu l\u00e0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa th\u1eadt v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadt. B\u1ea3n t\u00ednh Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ec \u00d0\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 l\u00e0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi (Colossians 2:9<\/span>, Galatians 1:1,14<\/span>), n\u1ebfu \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 l\u00e0 M\u1eb9 \u00d0\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4, th\u00ec \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 M\u1eb9 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. C\u00f4ng \u00d0\u1ed3ng \u00caph\u00eas\u00f4 (n\u0103m 431) c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 l\u00e0 M\u1eb9 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m thi\u00ean t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang b\u1ecb Nestori\u00f4, Gi\u00e1m M\u1ee5c Constantinople \u0111\u1ea3 k\u00edch. \u00d4ng ta d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng \u00d0\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 c\u00f3 hai c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi hai b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e0 M\u1eb9 Maria ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00d0\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Luther\u00f4, Calvin, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i Tin L\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1ec1 t\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea1o v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng th\u1edd \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eef th\u1ea7n. Ch\u00fang ta k\u00ednh \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 v\u00ec vinh d\u1ef1 kh\u00f4n l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u01b0u mang v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng Ng\u00f4i L\u1eddi Nh\u1eadp Th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n Martin\u00f4 Luther\u00f4, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1o Tin L\u00e0nh vi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n \u201cTh\u1eadt l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng khi g\u1ecdi M\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng l\u00e0 m\u1eb9 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 M\u1eb9 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa\u2026 Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng \u00d0\u1ee9c Maria l\u00e0 M\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa th\u1eadt.\u201d[2]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n \u201cThi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra… H\u00e0i Nhi u\u1ed1ng s\u1eefa c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ea5ng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb mu\u00f4n th\u1ee7a, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 th\u1ebf gian, v\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng tr\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ea5t\u2026 Hai b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh n\u00e0y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p qu\u00e1 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 Ch\u00faa, m\u00e0 M\u1eb9 Maria cho Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa b\u00fa, t\u1eafm r\u1eeda cho Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, ru Ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 b\u1ed3ng b\u1ebf Ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\u201d[3]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n \u201cLo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ed3m t\u00f3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 vinh quang M\u1eb9 trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u: M\u1eb9 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. Kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i g\u00ec cao sang h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 M\u1eb9, d\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee1i nh\u01b0 l\u00e1 tr\u00ean c\u00e2y.\u201d[4]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n \u201cC\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh \u00d0\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n th\u1edd kh\u00f4ng? Ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ebd M\u1eb9 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa Ch\u00ed Th\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n vinh sao? \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1ee5 N\u1eef \u0111\u1ea1p d\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7u con r\u1eafn. Xin h\u00e3y nghe l\u1eddi ch\u00fang con, v\u00ec Con M\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i M\u1eb9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec.\u201d[5]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n \u201cCh\u00fang ta l\u00e0 con c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9 Maria; ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3<\/em> nghe b\u00e0i<\/em> h\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u00ean s\u1ee9!\u201d[6]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n \u201c\u00d0\u1ee9c Maria l\u00e0 M\u1eb9 Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu v\u00e0 M\u1eb9 m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta. N\u1ebfu Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u1edf c\u00f9ng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, M\u1eb9 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 M\u1eb9 ch\u00fang ta.\u201d[7]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n 2. \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 Nhi\u1ec5m Nguy\u00ean T\u1ed9i<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o tin r\u1eb1ng Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba M\u1eb9 kh\u1ecfi t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i, v\u00ec vai tr\u00f2 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9 trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i,[8]<\/a> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9 v\u1edbi \u00d0\u1ee9c Ch\u00faa Con (M\u1eb9) v\u00e0 Ch\u00faa Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n (Hi\u1ec1n Th\u00ea).[9]<\/a> T\u1ed5ng thi\u00ean s\u1ee9 Gabriel g\u1ecdi M\u1eb9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee7ng \u00e1i<\/em> hay \u0111\u1ea7y \u01a1n ph\u00fac<\/em> trong Tin M\u1eebng Th\u00e1nh Luca 1:28. Ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p, \u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7<\/em> (kecharitomene), c\u00f3 nghi\u00e3 \u201cho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban \u0111\u1ea7y \u01a1n Ch\u00faa.\u201d (Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Tin L\u00e0nh cho r\u1eb1ng d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea7y \u01a1n ph\u00fac<\/em> la sai. Nh\u01b0ng trong b\u1ea3n \u201c… v\u00ec v\u1eady khi linh h\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh, M\u1eb9 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1ch t\u1ed9i t\u1ed5 t\u00f4ng…. V\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ngay ngay t\u1eeb gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, M\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i\u201d.<\/em> [10]<\/a><\/p>\n C\u00e1c th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc gia th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u chu\u1ed9c gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00fang ta ra sao, nh\u01b0ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c. H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ed1 s\u00e2u tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f2n trong r\u1eebng, t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng sa l\u1ea7y trong t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u r\u01a1i v\u00e0o h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafm m\u00ecnh trong b\u00f9n. Nh\u01b0ng Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa s\u1ebd k\u00e9o ch\u00fang ta ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u1ee9u ch\u00fang ta, v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n. V\u1edbi \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9, Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c. Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho M\u1eb9 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o h\u1ed1 n\u00e0y (nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta). Nh\u01b0ng trong c\u1ea3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, qua s\u1ef1 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba hay qua s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, th\u00ec th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 m\u00ecnh Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa c\u1ee9u ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00ec \u01a1n s\u1ee7ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa ban, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec c\u00f4ng lao c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec s\u1ef1 si\u00eau ph\u00e0m M\u1eb9 c\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa.<\/p>\n Trong C\u1ef1u \u01af\u1edbc, H\u00f2m Bia Th\u00e1nh, \u00d0\u1ec1n Th\u1edd, v\u00e0 L\u1ec1u T\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1u \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9, H\u00f2m Bia S\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Giao \u01af\u1edbc M\u1edbi, \u00d0\u1ec1n Th\u1edd S\u1ed1ng \u00d0\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 T\u1ea1m M\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3. C\u00e0ng g\u1ea7n Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n.Th\u1ea7y c\u1ea3 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n Do Th\u00e1i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o \u201ccung Th\u00e1nh\u201d n\u01a1i L\u1ec1u T\u1ea1m hay \u00d0\u1ec1n Th\u1edd m\u1ed9t n\u0103m m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft.[11]<\/a> H\u00f2m Bia Th\u00e1nh c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn.[12]<\/a> \u0110 \u0110\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n Kinh Th\u00e1nh T\u00e2n \u01af\u1edbc v\u00e0 C\u1ef1u \u01af\u1edbc ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 v\u00e0 H\u00f2m Bia Th\u00e1nh.[13]<\/a> N\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt v\u00f4 tri nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00f2n tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u201cth\u00e1nh\u201d v\u00ec g\u1ea7n Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, th\u00ec M\u1eb9 Maria, \u00d0\u1ea5ng c\u01b0u mang Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa c\u00f2n th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Tin L\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y v\u00ec quan \u0111i\u1ec3m sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh h\u00f3a b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i theo ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n L\u1ec5 \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 Nhi\u1ec5m Nguy\u00ean T\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh \u1edf \u00d0\u00f4ng Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 7 v\u00e0 \u1edf T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 9. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o Ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh (th\u00e1nh Ir\u00ean\u00ea, th\u00e1nh Ephraem, th\u00e1nh Ambr\u00f4si\u00f4, th\u00e1nh Augustin\u00f4, th\u00e1nh Anselm\u00f4…) \u0111\u1ec1u tin r\u1eb1ng \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 Nhi\u1ec5m Nguy\u00ean T\u1ed9i. Nh\u01b0ng trong th\u1eddi Trung C\u1ed5, th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ma Aquin\u00f4, th\u00e1nh B\u00f4naventura v\u00e0 th\u00e1nh Albert\u00f4 C\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft V\u00f4 Nhi\u1ec5m v\u00ec c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 li\u00ean quan gi\u1eefa h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y v\u00e0 T\u1ed9i T\u1ed5 T\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 chung c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i r\u1ea5t t\u00f4n s\u00f9ng \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 v\u00e0 tin r\u1eb1ng Ch\u00faa gi\u1eef g\u00ecn M\u1eb9 kh\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1edfi c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc gia thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng Phanxic\u00f4 v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 15 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng S\u1ef1 V\u00f4 Nhi\u1ec5m Nguy\u00ean T\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua vi\u1ec7c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t \u01a1n c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 cho M\u1eb9.<\/p>\n H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, Anh, Ph\u00e1p, \u00d0\u1ee9c, \u00dd v\u00e0 T\u00e2y ban Nha m\u1eebng L\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 Nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 11 v\u00e0 12. \u00d0\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 15, to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh m\u1eebng l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n Ng\u00e0y 8 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1854, \u00d0TC Pi\u00f4 IX c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng<\/p>\n \u201c\u00d0\u1ee9c N\u1eef \u00d0\u1ed3ng Trinh Maria, ngay t\u1eeb gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u1ecbu thai, nh\u1edd \u01a1n ri\u00eang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa To\u00e0n N\u0103ng, qua vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4, \u00d0\u1ea5ng C\u1ee9u Chu\u1ed9c lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ecn gi\u1eef kh\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi t\u1ef3 v\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f4i Nguy\u00ean T\u1ed5.\u201d[14]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n \u00d0\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n y T\u00edn \u00d0i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, M\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00f9ng th\u00e1nh Bernadette t\u1ea1i L\u1ed9 \u00d0\u1ee9c v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1858 v\u00e0 cho th\u00e1nh n\u1eef bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng M\u1eb9 l\u00e0 \u201c\u00d0\u1ea5ng V\u00f4 Nhi\u1ec5m Nguy\u00ean T\u1ed9i.\u201d<\/p>\n H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi Tin L\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0o t\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u V\u00f4 Nhi\u1ec5m, nh\u01b0ng Luther\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n \u201c\u2026.cho n\u00ean khi linh h\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5m nh\u1eadp, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 M\u1eb9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea9y s\u1ea1ch t\u1ed9i t\u1ed5 t\u00f4ng\u2026\u2026\u2026.. V\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ngay trong gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat M\u1eb9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, M\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ed9i g\u00ec c\u1ea3.\u201d[15]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n \u201cThi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean linh h\u1ed3n v\u00e0 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c \u00d0\u1ee9c Trinh N\u1eef Maria \u0111\u1ea7y Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n, cho n\u00ean M\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i g\u00ec c\u1ea3.\u201d[16]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n \u201cM\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea7y \u01a1n ph\u00fac, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eb1c t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i\u2026 \u01a0n s\u1ee7ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u1ed5 tr\u00e0n tr\u00ean M\u1eb9 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho M\u1eb9 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 d\u1eef\u2026. Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u1edf v\u1edbi M\u1eb9, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c M\u1eb9 l\u00e0m hay \u0111ang l\u00e0m gi\u1edf dang l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa trong M\u1eb9. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u1eef g\u00ecn v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 M\u1eb9 kh\u1ecfi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i M\u1eb9.\u201d[17]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Tin L\u00e0nh tin r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c s\u00f9ng k\u00ednh \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a Luther\u00f4 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00ec \u00f4ng ta ch\u01b0a lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tin v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft kh\u00e1c \u00f4ng ta d\u1ea1y nh\u01b0 Duy Kinh Th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 Duy \u00d0\u1ee9c Tin, v\u00ec \u00f4ng ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3?<\/p>\n 3. Tr\u1ecdn \u00d0\u1eddi \u00d0\u1ed3ng Trinh<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng mimh r\u1eb1ng \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u con kh\u00e1c sau khi sinh Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu.<\/p>\n 1) T\u00e2n \u01af\u1edbc n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 anh ch\u1ecb em c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu.<\/p>\n 2) Ch\u1eef \u201ccho \u0111\u1ebfn khi\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ccon \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00f2ng\u201d trong Math\u00eau 1:25.<\/p>\n H\u1ecd \u0111\u00fang khi \u0111\u01b0a ra vi\u1ec7c Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu c\u00f3 anh ch\u1ecb em, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 con \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9. C\u00f3 218 c\u00e2u trong T\u00e2n \u01af\u1edbc d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef \u201canh em.\u201d H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 b\u00e0 con h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng. C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt d\u00f9ng cho anh em ru\u1ed9t nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u00e1nh Gioan v\u00e0 Giac\u00f4b\u00ea. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p anh em Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 Tin M\u1eebng, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd l\u00e0 anh em h\u1ecd c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3 trong Matthew 27:56<\/span>; Mc 15:40, 16:1; Lc 24:10 v\u00e0 Ga 19:25. C\u00e1c c\u00e2u n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng Giac\u00f4b\u00ea v\u00e0 Giuse l\u00e0 con c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u00e0 Maria kh\u00e1c, v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Cl\u00eaopa, l\u00e0 ch\u1ecb em c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9.<\/p>\n Khi s\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n Gabriel ch\u00e0o M\u1eb9, v\u00e0 loan b\u00e1o vi\u1ec7c Nh\u1eadp Th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu, M\u1eb9 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi; \u201cChuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn sao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00ec t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam?<\/em>\u201d N\u1ebfu M\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh gi\u1eef m\u00ecnh tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng trinh th\u00ec M\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi nghe b\u00e1o l\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 con.<\/p>\n Khi \u00d0\u1ee9c Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu l\u00ean \u00d0\u1ec1n Th\u00e1nh v\u1edbi Cha M\u1eb9 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00fac 12 tu\u1ed5i, Tin M\u1eebng kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn anh ch\u1ecb em c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa c\u1ea3, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u201chai \u00f4ng b\u00e0 t\u00ecm Ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 b\u00e0 con th\u00e2n quy\u1ebfn.\u201d[18]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n Sau h\u1ebft, tr\u00ean Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1, Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu g\u1eedi \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 cho th\u00e1nh Gioan v\u00e0 \u201ct\u1eeb l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111em B\u00e0 v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 m\u00ecnh.\u201d[19]<\/strong><\/a><\/em> N\u1ebfu \u00d0\u1ee9c Maria c\u00f3 c\u00e1c con kh\u00e1c th\u00ec t\u1ea1i sao th\u00e1nh Gioan ph\u1ea3i s\u0103n s\u00f3c cho M\u1eb9 sau khi Ch\u00faa ch\u1ecbu ch\u1ebft?<\/p>\n Ch\u1eef \u201ccho \u0111\u1ebfn khi\u201d trong c\u00e2u \u201c\u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi b\u00e0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u00e0 sinh m\u1ed9t con trai\u201d ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 t\u00ednh d\u1ee5c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu sinh ra, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 t\u00ednh d\u1ee5c. C\u00e2u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng minh, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng trinh. C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng cho ch\u1eef \u201ccon \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00f2ng.\u201d Theo L\u1ec1 Lu\u1eadt, \u201ccon \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00f2ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9a con m\u1edf b\u1ee5ng m\u1eb9.\u201d[20]<\/strong><\/a><\/em> \u00d0\u1ee9a con n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1nh hi\u1ebfn cho Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 sau \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 anh ch\u1ecb em kh\u00e1c hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, hi\u1ec1n phu th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9 l\u00e0 Ch\u00faa Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00e1nh Giuse, v\u00ec Ch\u00faa Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 bao ph\u1ee7 M\u1eb9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u00e1nh Giuse tr\u1edf n\u00ean ch\u1ed3ng th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9 theo L\u1ec1 Lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. Khi M\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u00d0\u1ec1n Th\u1edd Ch\u00faa Ba Ng\u00f4i, H\u00f2m bia c\u1ee7a Giao \u01af\u1edbc M\u1edbi, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 sinh c\u00e1c con kh\u00e1c, hay c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 t\u00ednh d\u1ee5c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn S\u1ef1 Th\u00e1nh Thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9.<\/p>\n \u00d4ng Martin\u00f4 Luther\u00f4 g\u1ecdi t\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c tin.<\/p>\n \u201cVi\u1ec7c \u00d0\u1ee9c Maria l\u00e0 M\u1eb9 Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed3ng trinh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c tin\u201d[21]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n \u201c\u2026 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng M\u1eb9 s\u1eafp tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh M\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a Con Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, M\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc mong th\u00e0nh m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0m, m\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n \u1edf m\u00e3i trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u01a1n th\u00e1nh \u0111\u00f3.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n \u201cCh\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ai m\u1ea1nh s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i, d\u1ef1a theo s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng minh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng theo Kinh Th\u00e1nh, m\u00e0 d\u00e1m kh\u01b0 kh\u01b0 r\u1eb1ng M\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed3ng trinh.\u201d [22]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n \u00d4ng Gioan Calvin vi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n \u201cHelvi\u0111i\u00f4 [m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1c gi\u00e1o v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 t\u01b0] \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 ngu d\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, khi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u00d0\u1ee9c Maria c\u00f3 v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi con, v\u00ec \u1edf trong v\u00e0i \u0111o\u1ea1n (Th\u00e1nh Kinh) c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn anh em c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4\u201d[23]<\/strong><\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n \u201cC\u00f3 m\u00f4t v\u00e0i k\u1ebb mu\u1ed1n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e2u n\u00e0y trong Math\u00eau 1:25, r\u1eb1ng \u00d0\u1ee9c Maria c\u00f3 c\u00e1c con kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i Con Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, v\u00e0 th\u00e1nh Giuse sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0103n \u1edf v\u1edbi M\u1eb9; nh\u01b0ng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y th\u1eadt \u0111i\u00ean r\u1ed3 bi\u1ebft bao! V\u00ec t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Tin M\u1eebng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra sau \u0111\u00f3; m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e2ng l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh Giuse, v\u00e0 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng th\u00e1nh Giuse \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 sai thi\u00ean s\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng M\u1eb9 Maria. Cho n\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0103n \u1edf v\u1edbi M\u1eb9 hay chung ch\u1ea1 v\u1edbi M\u1eb9\u2026 V\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 con \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec c\u00f3 con th\u1ee9 hai hay ba, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Tin M\u1eebng t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ti\u1ec1n l\u1ec7. Kinh Th\u00e1nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi con \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00f2ng d\u00f9 c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 con th\u1ee9.\u201d[24]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n V\u00e0 Ulrich Zwingli vi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n \u201cT\u00f4i tin ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng theo l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Tin M\u1eebng th\u00ec m\u1ed9t trinh n\u1eef v\u1eb9n s\u1ea1ch \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho ch\u00fang ta Con Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa m\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trinh n\u1eef trong s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 v\u1eb9n to\u00e0n l\u00fac sinh con v\u00e0 sau khi sinh con, cho \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi. T\u00f4i tin t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng M\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa n\u00e2ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec1m vui \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o v\u1eadt, k\u1ec3 c\u00e1c c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u00ean s\u1ee9.\u201d[25]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n \u00d0TC Sirici\u00f4 I (392), Le\u00f4 I (450), v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng \u00d0\u1ed3ng Constantinople I (553) \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 Tr\u1ecdn \u00d0\u1eddi \u00d0\u1ed3ng Trinh. Sau c\u00f9ng C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Lateran (649) ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 T\u00edn \u00d0i\u1ec1u \u1edf \u00d0i\u1ec1u Th\u1ee9 Ba c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u00d0\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n 4. M\u1eb9 H\u1ed3n X\u00e1c L\u00ean Tr\u1eddi<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Ngay t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng \u00d0\u1ed3, c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu tin r\u1eb1ng \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 Tr\u1eddi sau khi m\u00e3n ph\u1ea7n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o, Ch\u00ednh Th\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u00f4ng t\u1ed5 Tin L\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1u tin t\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n L\u1ec5 \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 M\u00f4ng Tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i Palestine tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 500. Kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 700, l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ec5 ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1i R\u00f4ma, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 L\u1ec5 Bu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n Ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1nh 11, n\u0103m 1950, \u00d0TC Pi\u00f4 XII c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 T\u00edn \u00d0i\u1ec1u \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 H\u1ed3n X\u00e1c L\u00ean Tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y trong Th\u00e1nh Kinh r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i.[26]<\/a> V\u00ec vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c ph\u00e0m b\u1ecb tan r\u1eefa l\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u1ed7i,[27]<\/a> n\u00ean s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ed9i l\u00e0m cho th\u00e2n x\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i sau khi ch\u1ebft (nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c M\u1eb9 L\u00ean Tr\u1eddi). M\u1eb9 Maria chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi Con M\u1eb9 \u01a1n chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i, s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft, v\u00e0 ma qu\u1ef7 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong s\u00e1ch S\u00e1ng Th\u1ebf K\u00fd 3:15. V\u00ec ch\u00fang ta M\u1eb9 m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u201choa qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a\u201d c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng Tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4, l\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ea5ng chung cu\u1ed9c s\u1ebd chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n x\u00e1c vinh hi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hay ch\u1ebft. \u00d0i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00ec M\u1eb9 l\u00e0 M\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a Con Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa – \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cbi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn qua vi\u1ec7c V\u00f4 Nhi\u1ec5m Nguy\u00ean T\u1ed9i v\u00e0 H\u1ed3n X\u00e1c L\u00ean Tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9. Th\u00e1nh Kinh n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 M\u00f4ng Tri\u1ec7u: Enoch,[28]<\/a> Elijah,[29]<\/a> c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0nh s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i sau khi Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111anh.[30]<\/a> Th\u1eadt l\u00e0 phi l\u00fd v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi qu\u1ea3 quy\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i trong Th\u00e1nh Kinh. \u00d0i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111i\u00ean r\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p l\u1ea1 n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng ph\u00e9p l\u1ea1 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong Th\u00e1nh Kinh.[31]<\/a> N\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 L\u00ean Tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 s\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra trong Th\u00e1nh Kinh, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb Th\u00e1nh Kinh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh x\u00e1c b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1ed1ng Kit\u00f4 Gi\u00e1o th\u1eddi s\u01a1 khai, th\u00ec tin v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1edd th\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d hay \u201cthi\u1ebfu c\u0103n b\u1ea3n Th\u00e1nh Kinh\u201d.<\/p>\n \u00d0\u1ec3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac,<\/strong> t\u00f4i xin d\u00f9ng l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a M\u1ee5c S\u01b0 Charles Dickson, m\u1ed9t M\u1ee5c S\u01b0 ph\u00e1i Luther\u00f4 trong 30 n\u0103m qua r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n \u201cCh\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd r\u1eb1ng t\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u V\u00f4 Nhi\u1ec5m Nguy\u00ean T\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ee9c N\u1eef Trinh Maria, thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m m\u1edd tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh C\u1ee9u \u00d0\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4, th\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u00e1c t\u00edn l\u00fd c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn.<\/em><\/p>\n Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cu\u1ea3 Th\u00e1nh M\u1eabu H\u1ecdc qua nh\u00e3n quan ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra s\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng h\u1ecdc, Kit\u00f4 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u1ee9u \u00d0\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc. Th\u00e1nh Kinh, Th\u00e1nh Truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u00fd tr\u00ed l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ec3 suy ngh\u0129 l\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i n\u00e0y v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra s\u1ef1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u V\u00f4 Nhi\u1ec5m Nguy\u00ean T\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu. Nh\u1edd vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf ra hay m\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c ch\u00fang ta, t\u00f9y tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng m\u1edbi trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t Kit\u00f4 Gi\u00e1o l\u1edbn lao v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u01a1n.\u201d[32]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n B\u00e0i n\u00e0y d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a theo b\u00e0i Catholic Marian Doctrines: A Brief Biblical Primer <\/em><\/strong>c\u1ee7a Dave Armstrong, M\u1ed9t M\u1ee5c S\u01b0 Tin L\u00e0nh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o. Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00eanh v\u1ef1c \u00d0\u1ea1o C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong website:<\/p>\n <\/em><\/strong>http:\/\/ic.net\/~erasmus<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n [2]<\/a> Jaroslav Pelikan, ed., Luther\u2019s Works<\/em>, (St. Louis: Concordia), 24:107.<\/p>\n [3]<\/a> Luther\u2019s Works<\/em>, 22:492-493.<\/p>\n [4]<\/a> Luther trong Ch\u00fa Gi\u1ea3i Kinh Magnificat<\/em><\/p>\n [5]<\/a> B\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Luther ng\u00e0y 17th\u00e1ng 1, 1546, m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n [6]<\/a> Luther\u2019s Works<\/em>, 11:224:8<\/p>\n [7]<\/a> Ibid, 29:655:26-656:7.<\/p>\n [8]<\/a> Xem STK 3:15<\/p>\n [9]<\/a> Xem Lc 1:35<\/p>\n [10]<\/a> Luther’s Works<\/em>, 4, 694<\/p>\n [11]<\/a> xem Leviticus 16:2-4,13<\/span><\/p>\n [12]<\/a> xem DS 4:15, 2 Samuel 6:2-7<\/span><\/p>\n [13]<\/a> So s\u00e1nh Lc 1:35 v\u1edbi XH 40:34-8 \/ Lc 1:44 v\u1edbi 2 Samuel 6:14-16<\/span> \/ Lc 1:43 v\u1edbi 2 Samuel 6:9<\/span><\/p>\n [14]<\/a> Ineffabilis Deus<\/em>, 29<\/p>\n [15]<\/a> Luther’s Works<\/em>, 4, 694<\/p>\n [16]<\/a> Ibid, 52, 39<\/p>\n [17]<\/a> Ibid, 43,40<\/p>\n [18]<\/a> Lc 2:44<\/p>\n [19]<\/a> Ga 19:27<\/p>\n [20]<\/a> XH 13:2<\/p>\n [21]<\/a> Luther’s Works<\/em>,11, 319<\/p>\n [22]<\/a> Luther’s Works<\/em>,11, 320<\/p>\n [23]<\/a> Quoted in Leeming, 9.<\/p>\n [24]<\/a> Calvin, Sermon on Matthew 1:22-25<\/span><\/em>, (published in 1562).<\/p>\n [25]<\/a> Augustin Bea, \u201cMary and the Protestants,\u201d<\/em> Marian Studies 83, April 1961, 1<\/p>\n [26]<\/a> Xem Romans 5:12<\/span><\/p>\n [27]<\/a> Xem TV 16:10, STK 3:19<\/p>\n [28]<\/a> Xem STK 5:24; DT 11:5<\/p>\n [29]<\/a> Xem 2 CV 2:11<\/p>\n [30]<\/a> Xem Mt 27:52-3<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/virgin-mary-0204-150x150.jpg\" "\\"virgin-mary-0204-150x150\\"")
<\/a><\/p>\n![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/virgin-mary-0107-150x150.jpg\" "\\"virgin-mary-0107-150x150\\"")
<\/a>d\u1ecbch NIV, T\u00d0CV 6:8, h\u1ecd d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea7y \u01a1n ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa<\/em> cho th\u00e1nh St\u00eaphan\u00f4). V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do kh\u00e1c, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o tin r\u1eb1ng M\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i t\u1eeb khi th\u1ee5 thai v\u00e0 su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi M\u1eb9. Ngay c\u1ea3 Luther\u00f4 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd!<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/virgin-mary-wallpapers-1405-150x150.jpg\" "\\"virgin-mary-wallpapers-1405-150x150\\"")
<\/a>H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi Tin L\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y nay tin r\u1eb1ng Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t Trinh N\u1eef, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn quan ni\u1ec7m l\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ed3ng trinh tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi. \u00d0\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o. Ni\u1ec1m tin n\u00e0y b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb T\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1i ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi Th\u00e1nh Kinh. C\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o Ph\u1ee5, \u00f4ng Tertullian (213), \u00f4ng Origen (232), Th\u00e1nh Athanasi\u00f4 (362), Th\u00e1nh Gioan Chrysostom (370), Th\u00e1nh Gregoy th\u00e0nh Nyssa (371), Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00ear\u00f4nim\u00f4 (383), Th\u00e1nh Ambrosi\u00f4 (396), v\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh Augustin\u00f4 (401),.. cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u00f4ng t\u1ed5 Tin L\u00e0nh, Luther\u00f4 v\u00e0 Calvin, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 Tr\u1ecdn \u00d0\u1eddi \u00d0\u1ed3ng Trinh. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Tin L\u00e0nh th\u1eddi nay c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng d\u00f9ng Th\u00e1nh Kinh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng \u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 c\u00f3 con kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu. L\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u1ea3. V\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, Helvi\u0111i\u00f4 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean d\u00f9ng c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u Th\u00e1nh Kinh (n\u00e0y) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3 k\u00edch gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 th\u00e1nh Gi\u00ear\u00f4nim\u00f4, m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Kinh Th\u00e1nh l\u1eebng danh, \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng Kinh Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1edf tr\u00e1ch \u00f4ng. Th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n g\u1ecdi lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Helvi\u0111i\u00f4 l\u00e0 m\u1edbi l\u1ea1, \u00e1c t\u00e2m, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 gan l\u0103ng m\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n l\u1ecdai. (V\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7c Tr\u1ecdn \u00d0\u1eddi \u00d0\u1ed3ng Trinh cu\u1ea3 \u00d0\u1ee9c N\u1eef Maria – ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Helvidi\u00f4). <\/em><\/p>\n![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/virgin-mary-wallpapers-1401-150x150.jpg\" "\\"virgin-mary-wallpapers-1401-150x150\\"")
<\/a>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c M\u00f4ng Tri\u1ec7u l\u00e0 De Obito S. Dominae, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 hay th\u1ee9 n\u0103m, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi th\u00e1nh Gioan. \u1ede \u00d0\u00f4ng Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh Andr\u00ea \u0111\u1ea3o Crete, th\u00e1nh Gioan Damescene, th\u00e1nh Modest\u00f4 th\u00e0nh Gi\u00earusalem, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c M\u1eb9 L\u00ean Tr\u1eddi. B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng h\u00f9ng h\u1ed3n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c M\u1eb9 L\u00ean Tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u201cNg\u00f4i M\u1ed9 Tr\u1ed1ng\u201d. N\u0103m 451, t\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Chalcedon, Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Marcian\u00f4 mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 di h\u00e0i c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9, th\u00e1nh Juvenal, Gi\u00e1m M\u1ee5c Gi\u00earusalem, th\u01b0a v\u1edbi \u00f4ng r\u1eb1ng: \u201c\u00d0\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 t\u1ea1 th\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng \u00d0\u1ed3, tr\u1eeb th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ma. Khi th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ma y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1edf m\u1ed9 M\u1eb9 th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 tr\u1ed1ng; t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng \u00d0\u1ed3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng x\u00e1c M\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean Tr\u1eddi.\u201d<\/p>\n
[1]<\/a> .Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt 751, Gi\u00e1o L\u00fd C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o<\/em> 2089<\/p>\n