{"id":4998,"date":"2023-12-04T02:00:41","date_gmt":"2023-12-03T20:00:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/?p=4998"},"modified":"2023-06-19T06:33:56","modified_gmt":"2023-06-19T00:33:56","slug":"l%e1%bb%85-d%e1%bb%a9c-m%e1%ba%b9-vo-nhi%e1%bb%85m-nguyen-t%e1%bb%99i-08-thang-12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/l%e1%bb%85-d%e1%bb%a9c-m%e1%ba%b9-vo-nhi%e1%bb%85m-nguyen-t%e1%bb%99i-08-thang-12\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u1ec5 \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 Nhi\u1ec5m Nguy\u00ean T\u1ed9i – 08 th\u00e1ng 12"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

I. TI\u1ebeN TR\u00ccNH T\u00cdN \u0110I\u1ec0U M\u1eb8 V\u00d4 NHI\u1ec4M THAI<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nguy\u00ean t\u1ed9i t\u1eeb thu\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u thai, n\u00f3i t\u1eaft l\u00e0 “\u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 v\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m thai”. “Thai” n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 “th\u1ee5 thai” (conception). Th\u1ee5 thai ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ra th\u1ee5 thai ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng (active conception) l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 ho\u00e0i thai \u0111\u1ee9a con, v\u00e0 th\u1ee5 thai th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng (passive conception) l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee5 thai. Do \u0111\u00f3, khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn Immaculate Conception l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u00e1nh Anna th\u1ee5 thai \u0110\u1ee9c Trinh N\u1eef Maria, hay l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Trinh N\u1eef Maria th\u1ee5 thai Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ee9c Trinh N\u1eef Maria “\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee5 thai, hay l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1ng thai, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u thai” trong l\u00f2ng Th\u00e1nh Anna. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i “\u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m” th\u00ec hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 “\u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb thu\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u thai” hay l\u00e0 “\u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea7u thai v\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m” ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 “\u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m thai”.<\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 “\u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m thai” tho\u1ea1t ti\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea5u \u1ea9n trong kho m\u1ea1c kh\u1ea3i Th\u00e1nh kinh v\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh truy\u1ec1n, r\u1ed3i tr\u1ea3i qua ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh N\u1ee5 T\u00edn l\u00fd. Nh\u01b0ng N\u1ee5 T\u00edn l\u00fd tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00f4ng gai, nhi\u1ec1u s\u01b0\u01a1ng tuy\u1ebft l\u1ea1nh l\u00f9ng, nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1o ph\u1ee5, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi n\u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1i th\u00e0nh T\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

X\u00e9t v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n, T\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u “\u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m thai” \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3c qua 3 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tranh lu\u1eadn, v\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u00e1c
\nnh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

A. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 I \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XI<\/strong><\/p>\n

Th\u00e1nh kinh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3u n\u00f3i m\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean \u1ea9n t\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, n\u00ean trong nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ea7u, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i ch\u01b0a kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u00e1c Th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 qua th\u1eddi c\u00e1c Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1o ph\u1ee5 trong nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u1ed9t \u00edt tia s\u00e1ng “V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m” \u0111\u00e3 lo\u00e9 l\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 trong ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. N\u0103m 416 C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Carthage v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Milevi\u00f4 \u1edf B\u1eafc Phi l\u00ean \u00e1n Pelagi\u00f4 v\u00e0 Coelesti\u00f4 ch\u1ed1i t\u1ed9i nguy\u00ean t\u1ed5, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9. N\u0103m 431 C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00caph\u00eas\u00f4 \u1edf Ti\u1ec3u \u00c1 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Th\u00e1nh Cyrill\u00f4 Alexan\u0111ria lu\u1eadn phi b\u00e8 r\u1ed1i Nestori\u00f4, \u0111\u1ec3 tuy\u00ean t\u00edn \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 l\u00e0 M\u1eb9 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, l\u00f2ng s\u00f9ng k\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 d\u00e2ng l\u00ean cao v\u00e0 tr\u00e0n lan ra xa r\u1ed9ng. Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 trinh trong tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i, Th\u00e1nh Augustin\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 n\u00ean nh\u01b0 qui lu\u1eadt cho c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o ph\u1ee5 th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. B\u00ean \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t s\u00f9ng k\u00ednh ph\u00fac vinh quang M\u1eb9 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 VII, b\u1ed1n v\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng: \u0110\u1ee9c Honori\u00f4 I, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Martin\u00f4 I, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Agath\u00f4, v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh L\u00ea\u00f4 II l\u00e0m lo\u00e9 l\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tia s\u00e1ng nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u1edf trong ph\u1ea1m vi h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p.<\/p>\n

B. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tranh lu\u1eadn t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XI \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIV<\/strong><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XII, nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc Eadmer s\u1eed gia c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Anselm\u00f4 t\u1ea1i Canturbury (Anh) vi\u1ebft cu\u1ed1n “Y\u1ebfu lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u thai th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Maria” \u0111\u1ec3 minh x\u00e1c \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1eb7c \u00e2n l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho T\u00edn l\u00fd V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. Eadmer l\u00fd lu\u1eadn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c M\u1eb9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c \u00e2n V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi ba l\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch C\u00e1ch ng\u00f4n: Potuit, Decuit, Fecit, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m; n\u1ebfu Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n th\u00ec Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m. C\u0169ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3, v\u0103n s\u0129 Osbert\u00f4 Clare \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 gi\u00e1o thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eebng l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea7u thai t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 VII, nh\u01b0ng T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eebng l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XII. D\u1eabu th\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c m\u00e0n \u0111en v\u1eabn tr\u00f9m ph\u1ee7
\nv\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i b\u1ed1n v\u1ecb Th\u00e1nh ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 B\u00eana\u0111\u00f4, Albert\u00f4, B\u00f4naventura, T\u00f4ma, v\u00e0 hai nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i danh Rupert\u00f4 v\u00e0 Alexan\u0111r\u00f4 Hal\u00e8s cho r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 c\u0169ng m\u1eafc lu\u1eadt l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n nguy\u00ean t\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i A\u0111am. Th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ma ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i \u0110\u1ee9c Maria \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1nh ho\u00e1 trong l\u00f2ng m\u1eb9. V\u1ec1 sau, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i m\u1edbi b\u1ecf t\u01b0 ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u1eadn theo s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

Hai lu\u1ed3ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ngh\u1ecbch v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m lan tr\u00e0n s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng g\u00e2y n\u00ean m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i T\u00f4ma v\u00e0 Sc\u00f4t\u00f4 t\u1ea1i Avignon (Ph\u00e1p) n\u0103m 1325. Phe thu\u1eadn l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Sc\u00f4t\u00f4 c\u00f3 lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9 v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh, n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan XXII t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Paris y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3. N\u0103m 1346 t\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n khoa Th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng ai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eadu c\u1eed nh\u00e2n, ti\u1ebfn s\u0129, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng tuy\u00ean th\u1ec7 ph\u1ea3i \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o thuy\u1ebft V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. Sau n\u00e0y hai \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Cologne v\u00e0 Mayence noi g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Paris c\u0169ng c\u00f3 qui ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. C\u00f2n m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m gay go v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. Phe ch\u1ed1ng g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u00dd, nh\u01b0ng sau c\u0169ng thu\u1eadn theo, nh\u1edd th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Sixt\u00f4 IV.<\/p>\n

C. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIV \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1377 cu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 m\u1ea1c kh\u1ea3i v\u1edbi Th\u00e1nh Brigitta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c 1Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 XI th\u1ea9m tra v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt. \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Th\u00e1nh Brigitta: “\u0110\u00fang s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 M\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea7u thai v\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. H\u1ee1i \u00e1i n\u1eef c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9. Con h\u00e3y tin v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ai tin v\u00e0 tuy\u00ean x\u01b0ng M\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ecn gi\u1eef kh\u1ecfi v\u1ebft nh\u01a1 t\u1ed9i t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 h\u1ecd ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00fang. Ai ngh\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 sai, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 h\u1ecd ngh\u0129 c\u00e0n gi\u1ee1”. N\u0103m 1431, C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Basel (Th\u1ee5y s\u0129), c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 sau: “Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ee9c Trinh N\u1eef Maria, do \u0111\u1eb7c \u00e2n Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u1eef g\u00ecn, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd nhi\u1ec5m l\u00e2y v\u1ebft nh\u01a1 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 v\u00f4
\nnhi\u1ec5m”.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Sixt\u00f4 IV l\u00e0 v\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean minh nhi\u00ean x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ban h\u00e0nh m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u Hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 M\u1eb9 Maria V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, m\u01b0\u1eddi hai Hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf ban \u00e2n x\u00e1, b\u1ed1n Hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m trong kh\u1eafp Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1545, C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Trent\u00f4 do \u0110\u1ee9c Phaol\u00f4 III tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp, c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 ba kho\u1ea3n n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m:<\/p>\n

1. \u0110\u1ee9c Maria \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb kh\u1ecfi lu\u1eadt chung c\u1ee7a Nguy\u00ean t\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u1ee9c Maria \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. \u00dd ngh\u0129a danh t\u1eeb n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 kh\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi v\u1ebft nh\u01a1, m\u00e0 v\u1ebft nh\u01a1 l\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean t\u1ed9i. Do \u0111\u00f3, g\u1ecdi M\u1eb9 l\u00e0 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00ec M\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea7u thai v\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nguy\u00ean t\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

3. C\u00e1c Hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Sixt\u00f4 IV ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1567 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Pi\u00f4 V ban h\u00e0nh ba v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn phi nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7m l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a Baius cho r\u1eb1ng tin \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 v\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m thai l\u00e0 r\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Cl\u00eament\u00ea VIII ca ng\u1ee3i, kh\u00edch l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed1n gi\u00e1o l\u00fd do Th\u00e1nh Bellarmin\u00f4 so\u1ea1n, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e2u:<\/p>\n

H. \u0110\u1ea7y \u01a1n ph\u00fac ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n

T. \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea7y \u01a1n ph\u00fac, v\u00ec Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 mang v\u1ebft nh\u01a1 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean t\u1ed9i hay hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed9i, t\u1ed9i tr\u1ecdng hay t\u1ed9i h\u00e8n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 XV ban h\u00e0nh s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ai ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ph\u1ea3i tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i im l\u1eb7ng, v\u00ec sinh g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 v\u00e0 chia r\u1ebd gi\u1eefa Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i. M\u1eb9 Maria \u0111\u1ea7u thai m\u00e0 m\u1eafc t\u1ed9i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a t\u00edn h\u1eefu. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef t\u01b0 ki\u1ebfn cho m\u00ecnh, v\u00ec v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Alexan\u0111r\u00f4 VII l\u00e0 v\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng quan tr\u1ecdng th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec sau \u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 IX trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00edn M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. Tr\u1ecdng s\u1eafc “Sollicitudo Omnium Ecclesianum” c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 ba \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/p>\n

1. Ni\u1ec1m tin M\u1eb9 Maria V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c (Pia sententia).<\/p>\n

2. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u thai n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 M\u1eb9 Maria c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.<\/p>\n

3. Ng\u00e0i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1830, \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 hi\u1ec7n ra ban cho Th\u00e1nh Catarina Labour\u00e9 t\u1ea1i Paris l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec7n v\u1eafn t\u1eaft: “L\u1ea1y M\u1eb9 Maria V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nguy\u00ean t\u1ed9i, xin c\u1ea7u cho ch\u00fang con l\u00e0 k\u1ebb t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng M\u1eb9”.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 XVI, v\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 IX, \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00edn. Ng\u00e0i ban ph\u00e9p cho 133 gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i d\u00f2ng th\u00eam v\u00e0o kinh c\u1ea7u \u0110\u1ee9c B\u00e0 c\u00e2u: “N\u1eef V\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ec1 m\u1eafc t\u1ed9i t\u1ed5 t\u00f4ng, c\u1ea7u cho ch\u00fang con”. Sau n\u00e0y \u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 IX m\u1edbi \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e2u n\u00e0y trong kinh c\u1ea7u \u0110\u1ee9c B\u00e0 cho kh\u1eafp Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i. L\u00f2ng s\u00f9ng k\u00ednh M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng trong Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1840 \u0111\u1ebfn 1844 c\u00f3 86 \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ec9nh nguy\u1ec7n xin \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00edn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c H\u1ed3ng y, Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p, T\u00e2y Ban Nha, \u00dd, \u0110\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 Trung Hoa, v\u00e0 n\u0103m 1849 th\u00eam c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ec9nh nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Baltimore, Hoa k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 IX \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00edn M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m thai, n\u00ean l\u1ecbch s\u1eed g\u1ecdi ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1846 \u0111\u1ebfn 1849 c\u00f3 th\u00eam 130 \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ec9nh nguy\u1ec7n, n\u00ean ng\u00e0i quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh:<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y 1-6-1848 ng\u00e0i tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i danh, v\u1edbi s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh th\u1ea9m x\u00e9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n bi\u1ec3u quy\u1ebft t\u00e2u xin \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00edn.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y 22-12-1848 m\u1ed9t H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ti\u1ec1n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb g\u1ed3m t\u00e1m H\u1ed3ng y v\u00e0 n\u0103m c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n h\u1ecdp t\u1ea1i Naples d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 to\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c H\u1ed3ng y Lambruschini. H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2u xin \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p cho c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c xin c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi \u00fd ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y 2-2-1849 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha li\u1ec1n ban h\u00e0nh Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p “Ubi Primum”. Ng\u00e0i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 603 th\u01b0 h\u1ed3i \u00e2m t\u00e2u xin \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00edn ho\u1eb7c xin t\u00f9y s\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha. V\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 trong tay, \u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 IX h\u1ecdp C\u01a1 m\u1eadt vi\u1ec7n g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c H\u1ed3ng y \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 ng\u00e0i vi\u1ebft Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p “Ineffabilis Deus”.<\/p>\n

D. Tuy\u00ean t\u00edn<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y 8-12-1854, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1n Th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4, tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t 54 H\u1ed3ng y, 42 T\u1ed5ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c, 92 Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c, 300 c\u00e1c vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c s\u1eafc g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ngo\u1ea1i giao \u0111o\u00e0n, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ch\u1eebng 50,000 linh m\u1ee5c, tu s\u0129, v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 IX tr\u1ecbnh tr\u1ecdng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p b\u1ea5t h\u1ee7 “Ineffabilis Deus”, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t gi\u1ecdng c\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ebft oai nghi\u00eam, ng\u00e0i tuy\u00ean t\u00edn: “Do uy quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4 Ch\u00faa ch\u00fang ta, c\u1ee7a hai Th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 Ph\u00ear\u00f4 v\u00e0 Phaol\u00f4, v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang Ta, Ta x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn, tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00edn r\u1eb1ng: R\u1ea5t Th\u00e1nh Trinh N\u1eef Maria t\u1eeb ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ea7u thai \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ecn gi\u1eef V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi v\u1ebft nh\u01a1 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed9i, do \u0111\u1eb7c \u00e2n c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa to\u00e0n n\u0103ng, nh\u1edd c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4, \u0110\u1ea5ng C\u1ee9u chu\u1ed9c nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf. T\u00edn l\u00fd n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa m\u1ea1c kh\u1ea3i. Do v\u1eady, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi t\u00edn h\u1eefu ph\u1ea3i tin ki\u00ean v\u1eefng”.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha v\u1eeba d\u1ee9t l\u1eddi, t\u1ee9c th\u00ec b\u00e0i th\u00e1nh ca “Te Deum” c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng chu\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1n th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4 vang l\u00ean tr\u1ea7m h\u00f9ng, bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 ni\u1ec1m ph\u1ea5n kh\u1edfi h\u00e2n hoan t\u1eeb ng\u00e0n v\u1ea1n con tim d\u00e0o d\u1ea1t sung s\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u01b0\u1edbc vinh quang c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c t\u1ea1i l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i Thi\u00ean th\u1ea7n n\u1ed5 vang tr\u1eddi, nh\u1ecbp v\u1edbi chu\u00f4ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd th\u00e0nh R\u00f4ma \u0111\u1ed5 h\u1ed3i ng\u00e2n vang reo m\u1eebng M\u1eb9. C\u00e1c l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i, dinh th\u1ef1 v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u01b0 gia \u0111\u1ec1u k\u00e9o c\u1edd t\u01b0ng b\u1eebng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00ec tr\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e8n r\u1ef1c s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ghi d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 vinh quang cho M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 v\u1ebb vang cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

Sau b\u1ed1n n\u0103m, n\u0103m 1858, \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 hi\u1ec7n ra v\u1edbi Th\u00e1nh Berna\u0111etta t\u1ea1i L\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ee9c n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p. M\u1eb9 x\u01b0ng m\u00ecnh “Ta l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m thai” \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u tuy\u00ean t\u00edn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 IX.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1846 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u00e1o t\u1ec9nh Baltimore cung hi\u1ebfn Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Hoa K\u1ef3 cho \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1n th\u00e1nh M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ed5n m\u1ea1ng to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Washington, D.C. T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1855 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1862 d\u01b0\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c, vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp \u00e1c li\u1ec7t h\u01a1n h\u1ebft. Ri\u00eang gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn B\u00f9i Chu v\u00e0 H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 2,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai T\u00e2y Ban Nha t\u1ea1i Gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn B\u00f9i Chu kh\u1ea5n d\u00e2ng gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn cho \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 kh\u1ea5n h\u1ee9a \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 ban \u01a1n b\u00ecnh an, gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn s\u1ebd d\u00e2ng k\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1888, phong tr\u00e0o c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t. Nh\u01b0ng m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1916 Gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn B\u00f9i Chu m\u1edbi kh\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 nguy nga ki\u1ec3u Gothic b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i Ph\u00fa Nhai g\u1ea7n B\u00f9i Chu, t\u1edbi n\u0103m 1923 m\u1edbi kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh, n\u0103m 1929 b\u1ecb b\u00e3o \u0111\u1ed5, v\u00e0 n\u0103m 1933 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f9ng tu uy h\u00f9ng cho t\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n sau bao th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, v\u00e0 nh\u1edd \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Th\u00e1nh Linh qua Th\u00e1nh kinh v\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh truy\u1ec1n, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00ednh th\u00eam vi\u00ean b\u00edch ng\u1ecdc “V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m” s\u00e1ng ch\u00f3i tr\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec7n Thi\u00ean M\u1eabu c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9 Maria. Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y vui m\u1eebng c\u1ea3m t\u1ea1 Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang \u0110\u1ee9c Sixt\u00f4 IV v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 IX. V\u1edbi h\u1ebft t\u00ecnh ngoan th\u1ea3o, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y hoan h\u1ec9 ca m\u1eebng ch\u00fac t\u1ee5ng M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong d\u1ecbp l\u1ec5 t\u00f4n vinh Ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

II. L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec PH\u1ee4NG V\u1ee4<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eebng l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 VII. B\u00ean T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, Osbert\u00f4 Clare, m\u1ed9t v\u0103n s\u0129 v\u00e0 thi s\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh, ti\u00ean phong v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1eebng l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ea1i Anh h\u1ed3i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XII. T\u1eeb Anh l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y lan nhanh sang Normandie v\u00e0 to\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p r\u1ed3i sang \u00dd. N\u0103m 1215 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Innocent\u00ea III ban ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u1eebng l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea7u thai. Qu\u00e3ng n\u0103m 1241 hay 1242, v\u00ec l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb do Vua Philippe II n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p, \u0110\u1ee9c Bonifaci\u00f4 VIII d\u1eddi gi\u00e1o tri\u1ec1u xu\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh Anagni l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i v\u00e0 m\u1eebng l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea7u thai t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 th\u1edd ch\u00ednh to\u00e0. N\u0103m 1263, \u0110\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng h\u1ed9i D\u00f2ng Phanxic\u00f4 t\u1ea1i Pise (\u00dd) \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1eebng l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y trong to\u00e0n d\u00f2ng. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Cl\u00eament\u00ea V, v\u00ec \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Vua Philippe II, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00f4 t\u1ea1i Avignon (Ph\u00e1p). C\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o tri\u1ec1u m\u1eebng l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea7u thai ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng 8 th\u00e1ng 12 t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 th\u1edd D\u00f2ng Carmel\u00f4. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y, h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m gi\u00e1o tri\u1ec1u m\u1eebng l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea7u thai v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 R\u00f4ma, c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n tham d\u1ef1. N\u0103m 1385, s\u1eed gia Bellemer v\u00e0 m\u1ea5y n\u0103m sau s\u1eed gia Francis Martin c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng, c\u00e1c H\u1ed3ng y, Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c m\u1eebng l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea7u thai t\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong \u0111i\u1ec7n Vatican\u00f4.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea7u thai ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a su\u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea7u thai th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n trong l\u00f2ng B\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh Anna. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t, v\u00e0 To\u00e0 th\u00e1nh c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00edn l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1325 t\u1ea1i Avignon, \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan XXII ch\u1ee9ng gi\u00e1m cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c D\u00f2ng Phanxic\u00f4 v\u00e0 D\u00f2ng \u0110aminh v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. Chung cu\u1ed9c, ng\u00e0i tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9 b\u00ean Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u00e1o l\u00fd h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf h\u01a1n, n\u00ean ng\u00e0i truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y m\u1eebng l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea7u thai r\u1ea5t tr\u1ecdng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Sixt\u00f4 IV, m\u1ed9t tu s\u0129 Phanxic\u00f4. N\u0103m 1476, ng\u00e0i d\u1ea1y L\u00eaonard\u00f4 Nogarolis so\u1ea1n kinh l\u1ec5 v\u1edbi tu\u1ea7n t\u00e1m. Ng\u00e0y 27-2-1477, ng\u00e0i ban h\u00e0nh Tr\u1ecdng s\u1eafc “Cum prae-celsa” long tr\u1ecdng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp l\u1ec5 \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. Ng\u00e0y 4-10-1480, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha ban h\u00e0nh \u0110o\u1ea3n s\u1eafc “Libenter” chu\u1ea9n nh\u1eadn Gi\u1edd kinh v\u00e0 B\u00e0i l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m do cha Bernadino de Bustis, OFM, so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1482 v\u00e0 1483 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Lombardy, B\u1eafc \u00dd, tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng tin v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m thai l\u00e0 r\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea1o, \u0110\u1ee9c Sixt\u00f4 IV ban h\u00e0nh th\u00eam hai Ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 H\u1eadu \u0111o\u1ea3n s\u1eafc “Grave
\nnimis” \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ee9ng lu\u1ed3ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ea7m l\u1ea1c \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c L\u00ea\u00f4 X t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Sixt\u00f4 IV. V\u1edbi Tr\u1ecdng s\u1eafc “Sacrosanctae”, ng\u00e0i truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y n\u01b0\u1edbc Balan m\u1eebng l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea7u thai nh\u01b0 \u1edf R\u00f4ma, v\u00e0 ban ph\u00e9p Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i T\u00e2y Ban Nha t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam ng\u00e0y 8 th\u00e1ng 12. \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Pi\u00f4 V truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i m\u1eebng l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea7u thai. Gi\u1edd kinh ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 th\u00ec l\u1ea5y gi\u1edd kinh l\u1ec5 Sinh nh\u1eadt M\u1eb9, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1eef “\u0110\u1ea7u thai” thay ch\u1eef “Sinh nh\u1eadt”. Ri\u00eang D\u00f2ng Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng gi\u1edd kinh B\u00e0i l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a Nogarolis \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Sixt\u00f4 IV.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Sixt\u00f4 V, Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 XV, Cl\u00eament\u00ea IX, B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111ict\u00f4 XIV, Cl\u00eament\u00ea XIII, Cl\u00eament\u00ea XIV, Pi\u00f4 VI, v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 VII ban ph\u00e9p m\u1eebng l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m cho t\u1eebng qu\u1ed1c gia, t\u1eebng gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn, t\u1eebng d\u00f2ng tu. Ri\u00eang \u0110\u1ee9c Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 XVI trong v\u00f2ng m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m ban ph\u00e9p cho 211 gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng tu m\u1eebng l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, v\u00e0 th\u00eam danh t\u1eeb “V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m” v\u00e0o kinh Ti\u1ec1n t\u1ee5ng l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea7u thai. \u0110\u1ee9c Cl\u00eament\u00ea XI, v\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng s\u1eafc “Commissioni nobis” n\u0103m 1708 truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m l\u00e0 l\u1ec5 bu\u1ed9c trong kh\u1eafp Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 IX, ng\u00e0y 30-9-1847, ng\u00e0i k\u00fd s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh b\u1ed9 L\u1ec5 nghi ban ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ecdc Gi\u1edd kinh v\u00e0 B\u00e0i l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m cho ch\u00ednh ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 tu\u1ea7n t\u00e1m, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cho gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn R\u00f4ma v\u00e0 hai n\u0103m sau cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i. N\u0103m 1863 l\u00e0 sau ch\u00edn n\u0103m \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00edn M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, ng\u00e0i qui \u0111\u1ecbnh Gi\u1edd kinh v\u00e0 B\u00e0i l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m “Gaudens Gaudebo – T\u00f4i s\u1ebd h\u1edbn h\u1edf vui m\u1eebng” nh\u01b0 ta th\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n

III. \u00dd NGH\u0128A PH\u1ee4NG V\u1ee4<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean t\u00edn M\u1eb9 Maria \u0111\u1ea7u thai v\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 long tr\u1ecdng m\u1eebng l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m t\u1ea1 Ch\u00faa Ba Ng\u00f4i r\u1ea5t th\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn M\u1eb9 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u00e2n l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1ee3i khen ch\u00fac t\u1ee5ng M\u1eb9 cao sang h\u01a1n m\u1ecdi b\u1eadc th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i long tr\u1ecdng m\u1eebng l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi n\u0103m l\u00fd do th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc theo Th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ma:<\/p>\n

1. N\u1ebfu l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 m\u1eafc t\u1ed9i, M\u1eb9 Maria kh\u00f4ng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 M\u1eb9 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, v\u00ec “cha m\u1eb9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00e3nh di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a con” (xem Cn 17:6). Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu M\u1eb9 m\u1eafc nguy\u00ean t\u1ed9i, \u00e1nh vinh quang c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa b\u1ecb lu m\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n

2. Gi\u1eefa Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu v\u00e0 M\u1eb9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 M\u1eb9 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t vinh quang, n\u00ean M\u1eb9 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1ea1ch m\u1ecdi t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

3. “Cha \u0111\u00e3 cho con vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed \u00e1n” (Galatians 5:22<\/span>). N\u1ebfu M\u1eb9 Maria sa ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed9i, th\u00ec theo \u0111\u1ee9c C\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, Ch\u00faa ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed \u00e1n lu\u1eadn ph\u1ea1t M\u1eb9. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd n\u00e0o Ch\u00faa \u0111\u1ec3 M\u1eb9 sa ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n ph\u1ea1t Ng\u01b0\u1eddi!<\/p>\n

4. Th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 g\u1ecdi th\u00e2n x\u00e1c ch\u00fang ta v\u00ec \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nguy\u00ean t\u1ed9i l\u00e0 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i (Romans 6:6<\/span>). N\u1ebfu M\u1eb9 m\u1eafc nguy\u00ean t\u1ed9i, th\u00e2n x\u00e1c M\u1eb9 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i, th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi th\u00e2n x\u00e1c Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu ng\u00f4i hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa?<\/p>\n

5. V\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9 “m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n v\u1eb9n m\u01b0\u1eddi” lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n v\u00e0 m\u00e3i m\u00e3i \u0111\u1eb9p. M\u1eb9 \u0111\u1eb9p t\u1eeb l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u thai v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n m\u00e3i \u0111\u1eb9p. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi sinh ra, sau khi sinh ra, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t tu\u1ed5i n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac n\u00e0o trong \u0111\u1eddi M\u1eb9, m\u00e0 M\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd.<\/p>\n

IV. \u00dd NGH\u0128A L\u1edcI CH\u00daA TRONG TH\u00c1NH L\u1ec4<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc I: S\u00e1ng th\u1ebf 3:9-15, 20<\/p>\n

\u0110o\u1ea1n v\u0103n n\u00e0y \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 M\u1eb9 Maria l\u00e0 T\u00e2n Ev\u00e0. C\u00e1c Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1o ph\u1ee5 t\u1eeb Th\u00e1nh Giustin\u00f4 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y trong th\u00e1nh truy\u1ec7n Truy\u1ec1n tin s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i trong v\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. B\u00e0 Ev\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1eb9 ch\u00fang sinh, v\u00ec nghe m\u01b0u ch\u01b0\u1edbc con R\u1eafn ho\u1ea3 ng\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ed7i ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi r\u0103n Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0103n tr\u00e1i c\u1ea5m v\u00e0 trao cho \u00f4ng A\u0111am c\u00f9ng \u0103n. T\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho \u00f4ng b\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i khi\u1ebfp s\u1ee3, x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5, v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ch\u00ecm to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1 \u0111o\u1ea1 tr\u1ea7m. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, \u0110\u1ee9c Trinh N\u1eef Maria l\u00e0 T\u00e2n Ev\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 M\u1eb9 ch\u00fang sinh v\u00ec nghe theo Thi\u00ean s\u1ee9, xin v\u00e2ng l\u1eddi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n v\u00e0o s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng \u0110\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Ch\u00faa C\u1ee9u Th\u1ebf c\u1ee9u tho\u00e1t lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi h\u1ed1 \u0111o\u1ea1 tr\u1ea7m m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn vinh ph\u00fac. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady b\u00e0 Ev\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb con R\u1eafn \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ea3m b\u1ea1i, th\u00ec T\u00e2n Ev\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1p n\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea7u R\u1eafn, chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u1ebb vang, m\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c \u00e2n V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc II: \u00caph\u00eas\u00f4 1:3-6, 11-12<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea7u th\u01b0 n\u00e0y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y th\u00e1nh l\u1ec7nh mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa l\u00e0 m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea5u k\u00edn qua c\u00e1c th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ecf ra trong Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4. \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y v\u00e0o M\u1eb9 Maria: “M\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m M\u1eb9 Maria ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ecf r\u00f5 trong m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4” (RM, 4). Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn M\u1eb9 t\u1eeb mu\u00f4n thu\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 M\u1eb9 n\u00ean th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00ec t\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t Ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u01a1n th\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1eb9 Maria n\u00ean cao c\u1ea3 xinh \u0111\u1eb9p phi th\u01b0\u1eddng (RM, 11).<\/p>\n

Ph\u00fac \u00e2m: Luca 1:26-38<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i Ph\u00fac \u00e2m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, v\u00ec l\u1eddi thi\u00ean s\u1ee9 “k\u00ednh ch\u00e0o B\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u01a1n ph\u01b0\u1edbc” t\u1ecf ra r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ee9c Trinh N\u1eef Maria \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u01b0 tr\u00e0n \u01a1n ph\u00fac do \u0111\u1eb7c \u00e2n V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u0111\u1ea7y \u01a1n ph\u00fac ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m (18-12-84). L\u1eddi thi\u00ean s\u1ee9 qu\u1ea3 quy\u1ebft “Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u1edf c\u00f9ng Trinh N\u1eef” ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf Trinh N\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb9p l\u00f2ng Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c ph\u1ea9m si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng cao c\u1ea3. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t \u01a1n th\u00e1nh cao d\u1ea7y do l\u00f2ng Ch\u00faa y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng huy ho\u00e0ng r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, Trinh N\u1eef Maria c\u00e0ng h\u1ea1 m\u00ecnh s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m, c\u00e0ng trung ki\u00ean v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ed3ng trinh, c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb9p l\u00f2ng Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. Do v\u1eady, Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u01a1i Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m Nh\u1eadp th\u1ec3 C\u1ee9u chu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

L.m. Ph\u00ear\u00f4, CMC<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n:gpnt.net<\/p>\n

<\/div><\/div>Galatians 5:22<\/span>
View in: NAB<\/a><\/span><\/div>
22<\/span>But the fruit of the Spirit is, charity, joy, peace, patience, benignity, goodness, longanimity,<\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/div><\/div>Romans 6:6<\/span>
View in: NAB<\/a><\/span><\/div>
6<\/span>Knowing this, that our old man is crucified with him, that the body of sin may be destroyed, to the end that we may serve sin no longer.<\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

I. TI\u1ebeN TR\u00ccNH T\u00cdN \u0110I\u1ec0U M\u1eb8 V\u00d4 NHI\u1ec4M THAI \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nguy\u00ean t\u1ed9i t\u1eeb thu\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u thai, n\u00f3i t\u1eaft l\u00e0 “\u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 v\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m thai”. “Thai” n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 “th\u1ee5 thai” (conception). Th\u1ee5 thai ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ra th\u1ee5 thai ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng (active conception) l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 ho\u00e0i thai \u0111\u1ee9a con, v\u00e0 … [Read more…]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,4],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"entry","1":"post","2":"publish","3":"author-tranquang","4":"post-4998","6":"format-standard","7":"category-suy-niem-loi-chua","8":"category-thanh-kinh"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4998","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4998"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4998\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11753,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4998\/revisions\/11753"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4998"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4998"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaoly.org\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4998"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}